Department of Family Social Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA.
J Fam Psychol. 2011 Dec;25(6):931-41. doi: 10.1037/a0025857. Epub 2011 Oct 10.
Adolescent siblings are often similar in a variety of adjustment outcomes, yet little is known about the processes that explain sibling influences during adolescence. Two alternative explanations were tested, attachment (based in social bonding theory) and anaclitic identification (based in social learning theory). Hypotheses were tested with a sample of 613 adolescent sibling pairs (206 nonadopted, 407 adopted; elder sibling mean age = 16.1 years, younger sibling mean age = 13.8 years) across three sibling contexts (gender composition, age difference, and genetic similarity). Attachment explanations were supported so that the greater the perceived sibling emotional and behavioral closeness, the lower the likelihood of substance use; however, there were considerable moderating effects of sibling gender composition. Anaclitic identification explanations were not supported; closeness and elder sibling substance use did not interact to predict younger sibling substance use. Overall, this research adds to a body of work demonstrating important sibling influences on adolescent substance use.
青少年兄弟姐妹在各种适应结果上往往相似，但对于解释青少年时期兄弟姐妹影响的过程知之甚少。本文检验了两种替代解释，即依恋（基于社会联系理论）和依恋情结认同（基于社会学习理论）。通过对 613 对青少年兄弟姐妹（206 对非收养，407 对收养；哥哥姐姐平均年龄=16.1 岁，弟弟妹妹平均年龄=13.8 岁）在三个兄弟姐妹情境（性别构成、年龄差异和遗传相似性）中的样本进行假设检验。依恋解释得到了支持，即感知到的兄弟姐妹情感和行为亲密程度越高，使用物质的可能性越低；然而，兄弟姐妹的性别构成有相当大的调节作用。依恋情结认同解释不成立；亲密程度和哥哥姐姐的物质使用不会相互作用来预测弟弟妹妹的物质使用。总的来说，这项研究增加了一系列证明兄弟姐妹对青少年物质使用有重要影响的工作。
