Department of Biomedical Science, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
BMC Public Health. 2011 Oct 11;11:785. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-785.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with several disorders of the genital tract, skin and oropharynx. The aims of our study were to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection in women between 15 and 54 years of age in North Sardinia, Italy, to identify the prevalence of High Risk - Human papillomaviruses (HR-HPV) genotypes and to establish a correlation between molecular and cytological results.
From 2007 to 2009 we consecutively enrolled women aged 15-54 years admitted to public and private outpatient settings. All the participants filled in a questionnaire about the socio-cultural state, sexual activity and awareness about HPV. 323 cervical specimens were tested for HPV-DNA and HPV genotypes with INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping CE Amp kit. Samples showing positivity to some HPV genotypes were re-tested using "in house" quantitative Real-Time PCR assays.
Overall HPV-DNA positivity was detected in 35.9% of the women. The prevalence of HR-HPV infection among HPV positive samples was 93.1% with a specific prevalence of HPV 16, 51, 31, 53 and 18 of 54.3%, 37.9%, 10.3%, 6.9% and 5.2%, respectively. Co-infection with any HPV, HR-HPV, LR-HPV and HR/LR-HPV type was 18.3%, 14.9%, 0.9% and 2.5%, respectively; HPV 16/51 co-infection was detected in 64.6% of the HR-HPV co-infection group. The most frequent HPV-genotypes detected were 16 (32.5%) and 51 (22.7%). Among the 57 patients harboring mono-infection the most prevalent HPV genotypes were 16 (38.6%) and 31(10.5%). A multivariate analysis identified a statistical significant association between HPV infection and age and between HPV infection and previous sexual transmitted diseases. A statistically significant association between cytological cervical lesions and generic HPV exposure was identified.
To our knowledge, this is the first survey evaluating the prevalence of HPV infection in Northern Sardinia and drawing attention to the unusual high proportion of genotype HPV 51. Given the recent implementation of a widespread immunization program with vaccines not containing HPV 51, it has been relevant to prove the high prevalence of this HPV genotype from the start of the vaccination campaign, in order to avoid in the future attributing to the vaccination program a possible selection effect (HPV replacement).
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与生殖道、皮肤和口咽的几种疾病有关。我们研究的目的是评估意大利撒丁岛北部 15 至 54 岁女性 HPV 感染的流行率，确定高危型 HPV （HR-HPV）基因型的流行率，并建立分子和细胞学结果之间的相关性。
我们连续招募了 2007 年至 2009 年在公共和私人门诊就诊的 15-54 岁的女性。所有参与者都填写了一份关于社会文化状况、性行为和 HPV 认知的问卷。对 323 例宫颈标本进行 HPV-DNA 和 HPV 基因型检测，采用 INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping CE Amp 试剂盒。对某些 HPV 基因型呈阳性的样本，使用“内部”定量实时 PCR 检测进行重新检测。
总体而言，35.9%的女性 HPV-DNA 呈阳性。HPV 阳性样本中 HR-HPV 感染的患病率为 93.1%，HPV 16、51、31、53 和 18 的特定患病率分别为 54.3%、37.9%、10.3%、6.9%和 5.2%。任何 HPV、HR-HPV、LR-HPV 和 HR/LR-HPV 型的共感染率分别为 18.3%、14.9%、0.9%和 2.5%；HR-HPV 共感染组中，HPV 16/51 共感染率为 64.6%。最常见的 HPV 基因型为 16（32.5%）和 51（22.7%）。在 57 例单纯感染的患者中，最常见的 HPV 基因型为 16（38.6%）和 31（10.5%）。多变量分析确定 HPV 感染与年龄和 HPV 感染与以前的性传播疾病之间存在统计学显著关联。还确定了细胞学宫颈病变与一般 HPV 暴露之间存在统计学显著关联。
据我们所知，这是首次评估撒丁岛北部 HPV 感染流行率的调查，并提请注意 HPV 51 基因型异常高的比例。鉴于最近实施了广泛的疫苗接种计划，接种疫苗不包含 HPV 51，从疫苗接种计划开始，证明这种 HPV 基因型的高流行率就变得很重要，以避免将来将接种计划归因于可能的选择效应（HPV 替代）。
