Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
J Relig Health. 2012 Jun;51(2):529-41. doi: 10.1007/s10943-011-9538-9.
The objective of this article is to determine the convergent/divergent validity of the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS; Fetzer Institute & National Institute on Aging Working Group 1999) subscales by correlating it with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) Self-Transcendence subscales (i.e., Mysticism, Transpersonal Identification, Self-Forgetfulness; Cloninger et al. 1994). The cross-sectional analysis of 97 undergraduate/graduate students from a Midwestern university was made. The results are (1) all five BMMRS spirituality subscales were significantly correlated with the TCI Mysticism scale; (2) two BMMRS scales (i.e., Daily Spiritual Experiences, Values/Beliefs) were significantly correlated with the TCI Transpersonal Identification scales; (3) no BMMRS spiritual subscales were significantly correlated with the TCI Self-Forgetfulness scale; and (4) of the BMMRS religion scales, only the Organizational Religiousness subscale was correlated with any TCI subscale (i.e., Mysticism). The BMMRS appears to have adequate convergent/divergent validity, although the need exists to determine specific dimensions of spirituality. Inspection of the specific items of the BMMRS and TCI spiritual subscales that were most consistently correlated (i.e., BMMRS Daily Spiritual Experiences, Values/Beliefs; TCI Mysticism, Transpersonal Identification) suggests the existence of a distinct spiritual construct that is best conceptualized as the experience of emotional connectedness to the divine, nature, and/or others.
本文旨在通过与性格与气质量表（TCI）的自我超越分量表（即神秘主义、超个人认同、忘我；Cloninger 等人，1994 年）相关联，来确定简要多维宗教/精神量表（BMMRS；Fetzer 研究所和国家老龄问题研究所工作组，1999 年）分量表的会聚/发散有效性。对来自中西部一所大学的 97 名本科生/研究生进行了横断面分析。结果是：（1）BMMRS 所有五个精神分量表均与 TCI 神秘主义量表显著相关；（2）BMMRS 的两个量表（即日常精神体验、价值观/信念）与 TCI 超个人认同量表显著相关；（3）BMMRS 没有精神分量表与 TCI 忘我量表显著相关；（4）BMMRS 的宗教量表中，只有组织宗教量表与任何 TCI 量表（即神秘主义）相关。BMMRS 似乎具有足够的会聚/发散有效性，尽管需要确定精神的具体维度。对 BMMRS 和 TCI 精神分量表中最一致相关的特定项目（即 BMMRS 日常精神体验、价值观/信念；TCI 神秘主义、超个人认同）进行检查表明，存在一种独特的精神结构，最好将其概念化为与神性、自然和/或他人的情感联系体验。
