Department of Psychology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1650, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2011 Dec;18(6):1064-70. doi: 10.3758/s13423-011-0172-z.
The question of whether a stimulus onset may capture attention when it is entirely irrelevant to the task and even in the absence of any attentional settings for abrupt onset or any dynamic changes has been highly controversial. In the present study, we designed a novel irrelevant capture task to address this question. Participants engaged in a continuous task making sequential forced choice (letter or digit) responses to each item in an alphanumeric matrix that remained on screen throughout many responses. This task therefore involved no attentional settings for onset or indeed any dynamic changes, yet the brief onset of an entirely irrelevant distractor (a cartoon picture) resulted in significant slowing of the two (Experiment 1) or three (Experiment 2) responses immediately following distractor appearance These findings provide a clear demonstration of attention being captured and captivated by a distractor that is entirely irrelevant to any attentional settings of the task.
当刺激起始完全与任务无关，甚至在没有任何对突发起始或任何动态变化的注意设置的情况下，它是否能吸引注意力，这一直是一个极具争议的问题。在本研究中，我们设计了一种新颖的无关捕获任务来解决这个问题。参与者参与了一个连续的任务，对字母数字矩阵中的每个项目进行顺序强制选择（字母或数字）响应，该矩阵在许多响应过程中一直保持在屏幕上。因此，这个任务没有对起始或任何动态变化的注意设置，但一个完全无关的干扰物（卡通图片）的短暂出现，导致了在干扰物出现后立即进行的两个（实验 1）或三个（实验 2）响应显著减慢。这些发现清楚地表明，注意力被一个与任务的任何注意设置完全无关的干扰物所捕获和吸引。
