Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Besevler, Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Nutr Res Pract. 2011 Aug;5(4):322-8. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2011.5.4.322. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
The aim of this study was to use the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to assess diet quality and determine the relationship between the HEI-2005 and the energy and nutrient intakes of adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,104 healthy adolescents, mean age of 15.8 ± 1.24 years. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-hour dietary recall method, and dietary quality was assessed by means of the HEI-2005. Diet quality scores ranged from 23.7 to 77.5. The mean score was found to be 51.5 ± 9.07 according to the HEI-2005. There were no differences according to gender; 42.8% had a poor diet and 57.2% had a diet that needs improvement. No subjects had a "good diet". Lower mean subgroup scores were found for whole grains, total vegetables, total fruits, dairy products, and meat and beans. Fruits and vegetables scores were significantly high in girls, whereas sodium, oil, and meat and beans scores were significantly high in boys. Total HEI-2005 scores were increasingly associated with parental education level when age and gender were adjusted. There was a negative correlation between HEI-2005 scores and age, total energy intake, and fat intake. Positive correlation was only observed in the HEI-2005 scores for protein and dietary fibre intakes. Consequently, the overall diet quality and nutritional habits of Turkish adolescents need modification and improvement. In the family, measures should be initiated by the government, including advertisements and campaigns.
本研究旨在使用 2005 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2005）评估饮食质量，并确定 HEI-2005 与青少年能量和营养素摄入量之间的关系。对 1104 名健康青少年进行了横断面研究，平均年龄为 15.8±1.24 岁。采用 24 小时膳食回顾法测量膳食摄入量，使用 HEI-2005 评估膳食质量。饮食质量评分范围为 23.7 至 77.5。根据 HEI-2005，平均得分为 51.5±9.07。根据性别，没有差异；42.8%的人饮食不良，57.2%的人需要改善饮食。没有“良好饮食”的人。全谷物、蔬菜总量、水果总量、乳制品以及肉和豆类的亚组得分较低。女孩的水果和蔬菜得分显著较高，而男孩的钠、油和肉和豆类得分显著较高。在调整年龄和性别后，总 HEI-2005 评分与父母教育程度呈正相关。HEI-2005 评分与年龄、总能量摄入和脂肪摄入呈负相关。仅在蛋白质和膳食纤维摄入量的 HEI-2005 评分中观察到正相关。因此，需要调整和改善土耳其青少年的整体饮食质量和营养习惯。在家庭中，政府应采取包括广告和宣传在内的措施。
