Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 5622 Medical Sciences Bldg. II, 1150 West Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Viruses. 2010 Apr;2(4):1011-1049. doi: 10.3390/v2041011. Epub 2010 Apr 15.
Glycosphingolipids are ubiquitous molecules composed of a lipid and a carbohydrate moiety. Their main functions are as antigen/toxin receptors, in cell adhesion/recognition processes, or initiation/modulation of signal transduction pathways. Microbes take advantage of the different carbohydrate structures displayed on a specific cell surface for attachment during infection. For some viruses, such as the polyomaviruses, binding to gangliosides determines the internalization pathway into cells. For others, the interaction between microbe and carbohydrate can be a critical determinant for host susceptibility. In this review, we summarize the role of glycosphingolipids as receptors for members of the non-enveloped calici-, rota-, polyoma- and parvovirus families.
糖脂是由脂质和碳水化合物组成的普遍存在的分子。它们的主要功能是作为抗原/毒素受体,参与细胞黏附/识别过程,或启动/调节信号转导途径。微生物利用特定细胞表面上显示的不同碳水化合物结构在感染过程中进行附着。对于某些病毒,如多瘤病毒,与神经节苷脂的结合决定了进入细胞的内化途径。对于其他病毒,微生物与碳水化合物的相互作用可能是宿主易感性的关键决定因素。在这篇综述中,我们总结了糖脂作为无包膜的杯状病毒科、轮状病毒科、多瘤病毒科和微小病毒科成员的受体的作用。