Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California Riverside, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, and Center for Disease Vector Research, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Parasite Immunol. 2012 Feb-Mar;34(2-3):50-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01340.x.
The first draft of the human malaria parasite's genome was released in 2002. Since then, the malaria scientific community has witnessed a steady embrace of new and powerful functional genomic studies. Over the years, these approaches have slowly revolutionized malaria research and enabled the comprehensive, unbiased investigation of various aspects of the parasite's biology. These genome-wide analyses delivered a refined annotation of the parasite's genome, delivered a better knowledge of its RNA, proteins and metabolite derivatives, and fostered the discovery of new vaccine and drug targets. Despite the positive impacts of these genomic studies, most research and investment still focus on protein targets, drugs and vaccine candidates that were known before the publication of the parasite genome sequence. However, recent access to next-generation sequencing technologies, along with an increased number of genome-wide applications, is expanding the impact of the parasite genome on biomedical research, contributing to a paradigm shift in research activities that may possibly lead to new optimized diagnosis and treatments. This review provides an update of Plasmodium falciparum genome sequences and an overview of the rapid development of genomics and system biology applications that have an immense potential of creating powerful tools for a successful malaria eradication campaign.
人类疟原虫基因组的初稿于 2002 年发布。自那时以来，疟疾科学界见证了对新的强大功能基因组研究的稳步接受。多年来，这些方法逐渐彻底改变了疟疾研究，并能够全面、公正地调查寄生虫生物学的各个方面。这些全基因组分析对寄生虫基因组进行了精细化注释，增进了对其 RNA、蛋白质和代谢物衍生物的了解，并促进了新疫苗和药物靶点的发现。尽管这些基因组研究产生了积极影响，但大多数研究和投资仍集中在寄生虫基因组序列公布之前已知的蛋白质靶点、药物和疫苗候选物上。然而，最近获得的下一代测序技术以及越来越多的全基因组应用正在扩大寄生虫基因组对生物医学研究的影响，促使研究活动发生范式转变，这可能为新的优化诊断和治疗方法创造强大的工具。本综述提供了对恶性疟原虫基因组序列的更新，并概述了基因组学和系统生物学应用的快速发展，这些发展具有为成功的疟疾消除运动创造强大工具的巨大潜力。
