Department of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Br J Nutr. 2012 Jul 14;108(1):148-54. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511005332. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
Oxidative stress plays an important role in cataractogenesis. Previous studies have shown that long-term dietary intake of antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin) may decrease the risk of age-related cataracts. The aim of the present study was to examine whether plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin are related to age-related nuclear cataract in the elderly population. Subjects were participants in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study and they were classified into tertiles according to plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin. The association of plasma lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations with age-related nuclear cataract in 1689 elderly subjects (aged 61-80 years) was investigated in the present cross-sectional study by using the Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 113 cases of incident age-related cataracts were confirmed, of which 108 cases were nuclear cataracts. After adjustment for age, examination year, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, serum LDL-cholesterol, serum HDL-cholesterol, years of education, use of oral corticosteroids, history of diabetes and history of hypertension with current use of antihypertensive medication, subjects in the highest tertiles of plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin had 42 and 41 % lower risks of nuclear cataract, respectively, compared with those in the lowest tertiles (relative risk (RR) = 0·58, 95 % CI 0·35, 0·98; P = 0·041 for lutein and RR = 0·59, 95 % CI 0·35, 0·99; P = 0·046 for zeaxanthin). In conclusion, we suggest that high plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin were associated with a decreased risk of age-related nuclear cataract in the elderly population.
氧化应激在白内障的发生发展中起着重要作用。既往研究表明，长期摄入抗氧化剂（叶黄素和玉米黄质）可能降低年龄相关性白内障的发病风险。本研究旨在探讨血浆中叶黄素和玉米黄质浓度与老年人群年龄相关性核性白内障的关系。研究对象为库奥皮奥缺血性心脏病风险因素研究的参与者，根据血浆中叶黄素和玉米黄质浓度分为三分位组。在这项横断面研究中，使用 Cox 比例风险模型，调查了 1689 名年龄在 61-80 岁的老年人中血浆叶黄素和玉米黄质浓度与年龄相关性核性白内障之间的关系。共确诊 113 例年龄相关性白内障新发病例，其中 108 例为核性白内障。在校正年龄、检查年份、性别、BMI、吸烟、饮酒、血清 LDL-胆固醇、血清 HDL-胆固醇、受教育年限、口服皮质类固醇、糖尿病史和高血压史以及目前使用降压药物后，与血浆中叶黄素和玉米黄质浓度最低三分位组相比，最高三分位组的受试者发生核性白内障的风险分别降低了 42%和 41%（相对风险 (RR) = 0.58，95%CI 0.35，0.98；P = 0.041 对于叶黄素和 RR = 0.59，95%CI 0.35，0.99；P = 0.046 对于玉米黄质）。总之，我们认为血浆中叶黄素和玉米黄质浓度较高与老年人群年龄相关性核性白内障的发病风险降低相关。
