Charlton Shawn R, Gossett Bradley D, Charlton Veda A
Department of Psychology and Counseling, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR 72035-0001, USA.
Behav Processes. 2012 Jan;89(1):23-6. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2011.10.003. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
Temporal discounting is a process by which the perceived value of an outcome decreases as delay increases. Social discounting is a process by which the perceived value of an outcome decreases as the social distance between the decision-maker and recipient increases. Both temporal and social discounting are well established for monetary outcomes. However, little is known regarding the effect of delay-to-occurrence or increased social distance on the perceived value of social interactions. The current study demonstrates that the decrease in perceived value for delayed social interactions is well described by the same hyperbola-like function used for monetary outcomes and that the rate of discounting decreases (indicating increased preference for larger, more delayed outcomes) as social distance increases. Conceptualizing the current discounting procedure as entailing both potential gains and losses, suggest that under certain circumstances, higher discount rates may not reflect increased preference.
时间折扣是指随着延迟增加，结果的感知价值会降低的过程。社会折扣是指随着决策者与接受者之间的社会距离增加，结果的感知价值会降低的过程。时间折扣和社会折扣在金钱结果方面都已得到充分证实。然而，对于延迟发生或社会距离增加对社交互动感知价值的影响，人们知之甚少。当前的研究表明，延迟社交互动的感知价值下降可以用与金钱结果相同的双曲线函数很好地描述，并且随着社会距离的增加，折扣率会降低（表明对更大、更延迟的结果有更高的偏好）。将当前的折扣过程概念化为既包含潜在收益又包含潜在损失，这表明在某些情况下，更高的折扣率可能并不反映更高的偏好。
