De Florentiis D, Parodi V, Orsi A, Rossi A, Altomonte F, Canepa P, Ceravolo A, Valle L, Zancolli M, Piccotti E, Renna S, Macrina G, Martini M, Durando P, Padrone D, Moscatelli P, Orengo G, Icardi G, Ansaldi F
CIRI-IV, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2011 Sep;52(3):134-6.
Following the observation that 1 or 2 pandemic peak due to the circulation ofAHINlv had occurred in most countries and in most World Health Organization (WHO) Regions, WHO declared on August 10"h, 2010 that the world was moving into the post-pandemic period, whose surveillance presents considerable interest both from epidemiological and clinical point of view. We described the epidemiological picture emerged from syndromic and virological surveillance during the post-pandemic season in Liguria, Italy.
An Emergency Department Syndrome surveillance system, based on data collected at "San Martino" and IRCCS "G. Gaslini" Liguria Regional Reference University Hospitals for adults and children is active since July 2007. Monitored syndromes include "Influenza-Like Illness" (ILl) and "Low Respiratory Tract Infections" (LRTI). The Ligurian Regional Reference laboratory for Influenza virological surveillance and diagnosis offers rapid detection of influenza viruses by real-time and block RT-PCR, viral culture and genetic characterization by entire sequence analysis of haemagglutinin- and neuraminidase-coding regions in accordance with the international standards established by the global laboratory network.
The integration of syndromic surveillance system and laboratory surveillance for rapid detection and characterization of the disease responsible agent represented a specific and sensitive tool for influenza surveillance. The post-pandemic season was characterized by early onset and by the heaviest impacts for ILI and LRTI among the recent epidemic seasons. In contrast to the picture observed during the pandemic season, the 2010/11 winter was characterized by the intensive circulation of pandemic AH1N1v coupled with sustained activity due to influenza B and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Antigenic and molecular characterization of influenza strains confirmed the good matching between circulating and 2010/11 vaccine viruses.
在观察到大多数国家以及世界卫生组织（WHO）的多数区域都出现了1次或2次因甲型H1N1流感病毒传播导致的大流行高峰后，WHO于2010年8月10日宣布世界正进入大流行后时期，从流行病学和临床角度来看，这一时期的监测都具有相当大的意义。我们描述了意大利利古里亚大区在大流行后季节通过症状监测和病毒学监测呈现出的流行病学情况。
自2007年7月起，一个基于在“圣马蒂诺”医院以及IRCCS“G. 加斯利尼”利古里亚大区成人及儿童区域参考大学医院收集的数据的急诊科症状监测系统开始运行。监测的症状包括“流感样疾病”（ILI）和“下呼吸道感染”（LRTI）。利古里亚大区流感病毒学监测与诊断参考实验室通过实时和巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、病毒培养以及按照全球实验室网络制定的国际标准对血凝素和神经氨酸酶编码区进行全序列分析来进行流感病毒的基因特征分析，从而实现流感病毒的快速检测。
症状监测系统与实验室监测相结合以快速检测和鉴定致病病原体，这是流感监测的一种特异且灵敏的工具。大流行后季节的特点是发病早，并且在近期流行季节中流感样疾病和下呼吸道感染的影响最为严重。与大流行季节观察到的情况不同，2010/11年冬季的特点是大流行甲型H1N1流感病毒广泛传播，同时乙型流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）持续活跃。流感毒株的抗原和分子特征证实了流行毒株与2010/11年疫苗病毒之间的良好匹配。
