Department of Anatomy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, ROC.
Br J Nutr. 2012 Jul 14;108(1):28-38. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511005307. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
Oral cancer is prevalent worldwide. Studies have indicated that an increase in the osteopontin (OPN) plasma level is correlated with the progression of oral cancer. Our previous report showed that the aqueous garlic extract S-allylcysteine (SAC) inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human oral cancer CAL-27 cells in vitro. Therefore, the present study investigated whether SAC consumption would help prevent tumour growth and progression, including the EMT, in a mouse xenograft model of oral cancer. The results demonstrated that SAC dose-dependently inhibited the growth of oral cancer in tumour-bearing mice. The histopathological and immunohistochemical staining results indicated that SAC was able to effectively suppress the tumour growth and progression of oral cancer in vivo. The chemopreventive effect of SAC was associated with the suppression of carcinogenesis factors such as N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase and OPN. SAC significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin, inhibitor of κBα and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in tumour tissues. The results demonstrated that the SAC-mediated suppression of cyclin D1 protein was associated with an augmented expression of the cell-cycle inhibitor p16(Ink4). Furthermore, SAC inhibited the expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2, vimentin and NF-κB p65 (RelA). These results show that SAC has potential as an agent against tumour growth and the progression of oral cancer in a mouse xenograft model.
口腔癌在全球范围内普遍存在。研究表明，骨桥蛋白（OPN）血浆水平的增加与口腔癌的进展有关。我们之前的报告表明，大蒜水提取物 S-丙烯半胱氨酸（SAC）抑制了人口腔癌细胞 CAL-27 的上皮间质转化（EMT）。因此，本研究探讨了 SAC 的消耗是否有助于预防肿瘤生长和进展，包括 EMT，在口腔癌的小鼠异种移植模型中。结果表明，SAC 剂量依赖性地抑制了荷瘤小鼠口腔癌的生长。组织病理学和免疫组织化学染色结果表明，SAC 能够有效地抑制口腔癌在体内的肿瘤生长和进展。SAC 的化学预防作用与抑制致癌因子如 N-甲基嘌呤 DNA 糖基化酶和 OPN 有关。SAC 显著抑制了肿瘤组织中 Akt、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白、κBα 抑制剂和细胞外信号调节激酶 1/2 的磷酸化。结果表明，SAC 介导的 cyclin D1 蛋白抑制与细胞周期抑制剂 p16(Ink4) 的表达增加有关。此外，SAC 抑制了环氧化酶-2、波形蛋白和 NF-κB p65（RelA）的表达。这些结果表明，SAC 具有作为一种抑制肿瘤生长和口腔癌进展的药物的潜力，在小鼠异种移植模型中。
