Health Research Centre, Middlesex University, London, UK.
J Health Psychol. 1996 Jan;1(1):7-21. doi: 10.1177/135910539600100102.
Over 25 years there has been a remarkable growth of theoretical and empirical studies in health psychology. Its theoretical underpinnings have been largely derivative, its focus primarily clinical, and its subject, the individual. Relatively little attention has been paid to the cultural, sociopolitical and economic conditions which set the context for individual health experience and behaviour. Theories which do not reflect the complex interaction of these variables are unlikely to provide a satisfactory account of individual health. Multidisciplinary efforts are needed at a community level to provide effective interventions which are relevant to the exposure groups being targeted. Health psychology needs measures which are valid and relevant to the general population regardless of culture, gender, social class or age. Putting health psychology into its cultural, sociopolitical and community context is a major priority for future development.
25 多年来，健康心理学在理论和实证研究方面取得了显著的发展。其理论基础主要是衍生的，重点主要是临床的，研究对象是个人。相对较少关注为个人健康体验和行为设定背景的文化、社会政治和经济条件。不能反映这些变量复杂相互作用的理论不太可能对个人健康提供满意的解释。需要在社区层面进行多学科努力，提供针对目标暴露群体的有效干预措施。健康心理学需要针对无论文化、性别、社会阶层还是年龄的一般人群都有效的、相关的测量方法。将健康心理学置于其文化、社会政治和社区背景中是未来发展的主要优先事项。
