Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2011 Dec;12(4):238-42. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2011.04.001. Epub 2011 May 6.
Diffuse lung disease [DLD] in children comprises a group of heterogeneous, rare disorders. Despite the rarity of these diseases there has been a considerable increase in our knowledge of DLD in children including their diagnosis and management. Diagnosis of these diseases requires a detailed history and physical examination, diagnostic imaging, pulmonary function testing, selected and directed laboratory testing, bronchoalveolar lavage and in most cases an open lung biopsy. Once a diagnosis is made, treatment is centred on supportive care including nutritional and supplemental oxygen therapy when needed. Medications including corticosteroids and other immunomodulatory medications are often used. Lung transplantation has been used for final treatment in some cases of DLD. Formation of research collaborations will continue to further our understanding of these diseases.
儿童弥漫性肺疾病（DLD）包括一组异质性、罕见的疾病。尽管这些疾病较为罕见，但我们对儿童 DLD 的认识已经有了相当大的提高，包括其诊断和治疗。这些疾病的诊断需要详细的病史和体格检查、诊断影像学、肺功能测试、有选择的和有针对性的实验室测试、支气管肺泡灌洗，在大多数情况下还需要进行开胸肺活检。一旦做出诊断，治疗的重点是支持性护理，包括需要时的营养和补充氧气治疗。经常使用药物，包括皮质类固醇和其他免疫调节药物。在某些情况下，肺移植已被用于 DLD 的最终治疗。形成研究合作将继续加深我们对这些疾病的认识。
