Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2012 Mar;53(3):323-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02475.x. Epub 2011 Oct 25.
In recent decades, the assessment of neurological soft signs (NSS) in patients with psychosis has become a subject of special interest. The study of the progression of NSS during adolescence will provide valuable information about the role of NSS as endophenotypes or biomarkers and about brain development at a stage in which brain maturation has not yet been completed.
Neurological soft signs were assessed in a sample of 110 first episodes of early-onset psychosis (EOP) and 98 healthy children and adolescents at two different times in a 2-year follow-up period.
Patients with EOP showed more NSS than controls both at baseline (p < .001) and the 2-year follow-up (p < .001). No differences were found in the number of signs among the different diagnostic subgroups (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychoses). When we examined the changes in NSS over the follow-up, the reduction of NSS in the patients was greater than the controls for 'Motor coordination' (p = .032), 'Others' (p < .001), and 'Total score' (p < .001) of the NES.
Despite the greater reduction of NSS in patients than in controls along the follow-up, patients still have more neurological signs than healthy controls; therefore, these signs may be considered a trait marker. NSS do not seem to be specific to schizophrenia as they are present in different EOPs.
近几十年来，对精神病患者的神经软体征（NSS）的评估已成为一个特别关注的课题。研究 NSS 在青春期的进展情况将提供有关 NSS 作为内表型或生物标志物以及大脑在尚未完全成熟的阶段发育的宝贵信息。
在为期 2 年的随访期间，我们在 110 名首发早发性精神病（EOP）患者和 98 名健康儿童和青少年的两个不同时间点评估了神经软体征。
与对照组相比，EOP 患者在基线时（p <.001）和 2 年随访时（p <.001）均表现出更多的 NSS。在不同诊断亚组（精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和其他精神病）中，NSS 的数量没有差异。当我们检查 NSS 在随访期间的变化时，与对照组相比，患者的 NSS 在“运动协调”（p =.032）、“其他”（p <.001）和“总评分”（p <.001）方面的减少更大。
尽管在随访过程中患者的 NSS 减少幅度大于对照组，但患者的神经体征仍然多于健康对照组；因此，这些体征可能被视为一种特质标记。NSS 似乎并不特定于精神分裂症，因为它们存在于不同的 EOP 中。
