Dept of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Eur Respir J. 2012 Jun;39(6):1398-404. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00103411. Epub 2011 Oct 27.
We aimed to evaluate the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD) compared with a prudent diet (PD) combined with physical activity on obese obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) patients who were treated with continuous positive airway pressure. 900 patients were evaluated and 40 obese patients (body mass index ≥ 30.0 kg · m(-2)) who met the inclusion criteria, with moderate-to-severe OSAS (apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) >15 events · h(-1) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score >10) based on overnight attended polysomnography, were included in the study. After randomisation, 20 patients followed the MD and 20 a PD for a 6-month period. All patients were counselled to increase their physical activity. Concerning sleep parameters, only AHI during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was reduced to a statistically significant degree, by mean ± SD 18.4 ± 17.6 events · h(-1) in the MD group and by 2.6 ± 23.7 events · h(-1) in the PD group (p<0.05). The MD group also showed a greater reduction in waist circumference (WC) (-8.7 ± 3.6 cm), WC/height ratio (-0.04 ± 0.02 cm · m(-1)) and WC/hip ratio (-0.04 ± 0.03 cm · cm(-1)), compared with the other group (-2.6 ± 1.7 events · h(-1), -5.7 ± 3.8 cm, -0.03 ± 0.02 cm · m(-1) and 0.02 ± 0.02 cm · cm(-1), respectively; p<0.05). Our results showed that the MD combined with physical activity for a 6-month period was effective in reducing the AHI during REM sleep without any statistically significant effect in the other sleep parameters, compared with a PD in obese adults with moderate-to-severe OSAS.
我们旨在评估与结合了体力活动的谨慎饮食（prudent diet，PD）相比，地中海饮食（Mediterranean diet，MD）对接受持续气道正压通气治疗的肥胖阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome，OSAS）患者的影响。评估了 900 名患者，纳入了 40 名符合条件的肥胖患者（体重指数≥30.0kg·m(-2)），这些患者患有中重度 OSAS（呼吸暂停-低通气指数（apnoea-hypopnoea index，AHI）>15 次·h(-1)，Epworth 嗜睡量表评分>10），根据夜间 attended 多导睡眠图进行诊断。将患者随机分为 MD 组和 PD 组，各 20 名患者，随访 6 个月。所有患者均接受了增加体力活动的咨询。就睡眠参数而言，只有 REM 睡眠期间的 AHI 显著降低，MD 组降低了 18.4±17.6 次·h(-1)，PD 组降低了 2.6±23.7 次·h(-1)（p<0.05）。MD 组的腰围（waist circumference，WC）减少（-8.7±3.6cm）、WC/身高比（WC/height ratio，-0.04±0.02cm·m(-1)）和 WC/臀围比（WC/hip ratio，-0.04±0.03cm·cm(-1)）也大于另一个组（-2.6±1.7 次·h(-1)、-5.7±3.8cm、-0.03±0.02cm·m(-1)和 0.02±0.02cm·cm(-1)；p<0.05）。我们的结果表明，与 PD 相比，6 个月的 MD 结合体力活动对 REM 睡眠期间的 AHI 有降低作用，而对其他睡眠参数无统计学意义，在患有中重度 OSAS 的肥胖成年人中，MD 联合 PD 是有效的。
