Arayici Mehmet Emin, Kilic Mustafa Eray, Yilmaz Mehmet Birhan
Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye.
Life (Basel). 2025 Jan 7;15(1):63. doi: 10.3390/life15010063.
The relationship between heart failure (HF) and Mediterranean and DASH diets is not well delineated. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of high adherence to Mediterranean and DASH diets compared to low adherence in reducing the risk of incident HF (primary prevention of HF) and reducing all-cause mortality in patients with HF (secondary prevention of HF).
The reporting stages of this meta-analysis closely adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was undertaken for published papers in PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, ICTRP, and the NIH clinical trials databases.
A total of 16 reports from 14 studies were included in this paper. A significant inverse association was identified between high adherence to the Mediterranean diet model (compared to low adherence) and the risk of incident HF (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63-0.93, = 0.007) among patients without previous diagnosis of HF. Similarly, there was a significant and inverse relationship between high adherence to the DASH diet (compared to low adherence) and the risk of incident HF (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.98, = 0.03) among patients without previous diagnosis of HF. High adherence to the Mediterranean diet model (compared to low adherence) was associated with lower all-cause mortality (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78-0.99, = 0.03) among patients with HF.
This paper demonstrated that high adherence to Mediterranean and DASH diets significantly reduced the risk of incident HF among individuals without a previous diagnosis of HF, whereas only high adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower all-cause mortality among patients with HF.
心力衰竭（HF）与地中海饮食和得舒饮食（DASH饮食）之间的关系尚未明确界定。本荟萃分析旨在评估与低依从性相比，高依从性的地中海饮食和DASH饮食在降低HF发病风险（HF的一级预防）以及降低HF患者全因死亡率（HF的二级预防）方面的有效性。
本荟萃分析的报告阶段严格遵循PRISMA指南。对PubMed、Embase、EBSCO、ICTRP和美国国立卫生研究院临床试验数据库中已发表的论文进行了全面的文献检索。
本文纳入了来自14项研究的16份报告。在既往未诊断为HF的患者中，高依从性的地中海饮食模式（与低依从性相比）与HF发病风险之间存在显著的负相关（OR = 0.77，95% CI：0.63 - 0.93，P = 0.007）。同样，在既往未诊断为HF的患者中，高依从性的DASH饮食（与低依从性相比）与HF发病风险之间也存在显著的负相关（OR = 0.83，95% CI：0.70 - 0.98，P = 0.03）。在HF患者中，高依从性的地中海饮食模式（与低依从性相比）与较低的全因死亡率相关（OR = 0.88，95% CI：0.78 - 0.99，P = 0.03）。
本文表明，高依从性的地中海饮食和DASH饮食可显著降低既往未诊断为HF的个体发生HF的风险，而只有高依从性的地中海饮食与HF患者较低的全因死亡率相关。
