大麻素、内源性大麻素与癌症。
Cannabinoids, endocannabinoids, and cancer.
机构信息
AB Hancock Jr Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt Ingram Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA.
出版信息
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2011 Dec;30(3-4):599-612. doi: 10.1007/s10555-011-9318-8.
The endocannabinoid system consists of an array of endogenously produced bioactive lipids that activate cannabinoid receptors. Although the primary focus of endocannabinoid biology has been on neurological and psychiatric effects, recent work has revealed several important interactions between the endocannabinoid system and cancer. Several different types of cancer have abnormal regulation of the endocannabinoid system that contributes to cancer progression and correlates to clinical outcomes. Modulation of the endocannabinoid system by pharmacological agents in various cancer types reveals that it can mediate antiproliferative and apoptotic effects by both cannabinoid receptor-dependent and -independent pathways. Selective agonists and antagonists of the cannabinoid receptors, inhibitors of endocannabinoid hydrolysis, and cannabinoid analogs have been utilized to probe the pathways involved in the effects of the endocannabinoid system on cancer cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, adhesion, and invasion. The antiproliferative and apoptotic effects produced by some of these pharmacological probes reveal that the endocannabinoid system is a promising new target for the development of novel chemotherapeutics to treat cancer.
内源性大麻素系统由一系列内源性生物活性脂质组成，可激活大麻素受体。尽管内源性大麻素生物学的主要重点是神经和精神方面的影响，但最近的研究揭示了内源性大麻素系统与癌症之间的一些重要相互作用。几种不同类型的癌症存在内源性大麻素系统的异常调节，这有助于癌症的进展，并与临床结果相关。在各种癌症类型中，通过药理学制剂对内源性大麻素系统的调节表明，它可以通过大麻素受体依赖和非依赖途径介导抗增殖和凋亡作用。大麻素受体的选择性激动剂和拮抗剂、内源性大麻素水解的抑制剂和大麻素类似物已被用于研究内源性大麻素系统对癌细胞凋亡、增殖、迁移、黏附和侵袭影响的相关途径。这些药理学探针中的一些产生的抗增殖和凋亡作用表明，内源性大麻素系统是开发新型化疗药物治疗癌症的有前途的新靶点。
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