Buchan G S, Griffin J F
Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Comp Pathol. 1990 Jul;103(1):11-22. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9975(08)80131-4.
Since the recent extensive domestication and farming of deer in New Zealand, tuberculosis (Tb) has presented a major health issue in farmed herds. The spectrum of disease pathology and immune reactivity in this naturally infected species represents a potentially valuable large animal model for the study of the underlying immunological and pathological mechanisms involved in Mycobacterium bovis infection and its spread. A combination of laboratory assays for the detection of tuberculosis in deer is described. Domesticated deer are genetically diverse and their exposure to natural variations in environmental conditions results in a spectrum of immune responses and pathology of Tb, similar to that found in man. The model has special relevance to the study of host responses to tuberculosis in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those in the third world. Elucidation of the mechanisms involved in immune responses to Tb in deer will facilitate the development of vaccines and improved diagnostic assays for Tb in man.
自从新西兰近期广泛开展鹿的驯化和养殖以来，结核病（Tb）已成为养殖鹿群中的一个主要健康问题。这种自然感染物种的疾病病理学和免疫反应谱，代表了一个潜在有价值的大型动物模型，用于研究牛分枝杆菌感染及其传播所涉及的潜在免疫和病理机制。本文描述了用于检测鹿结核病的一系列实验室检测方法。驯化鹿的基因具有多样性，它们暴露于环境条件的自然变化中，会导致一系列免疫反应和结核病病理学，这与人类中发现的情况相似。该模型对于研究免疫功能低下个体，特别是第三世界国家个体对结核病的宿主反应具有特殊意义。阐明鹿对结核病免疫反应所涉及的机制，将有助于开发针对人类结核病的疫苗和改进诊断检测方法。
