Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Jan;14(1):62-74. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr182. Epub 2011 Oct 29.
The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (the "Act"), enacted in June 2009, gave the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authority to regulate tobacco products. The current paper reviews the provisions for packaging and labeling, including the existing evidence and research priorities.
Narrative review using electronic literature search of published and unpublished sources in 3 primary areas: health warnings, constituent labeling, and prohibitions on the promotional elements of packaging.
The Act requires 9 pictorial health warnings covering half of cigarette packages and 4 text warnings covering 30% of smokeless tobacco packages. The Act also prohibits potentially misleading information on packaging, including the terms "light" and "mild," and provides a mandate to require disclosure of chemical constituents on packages. Many of the specific regulatory provisions are based on the extent to which they promote "greater public understanding of the risks of tobacco." As a result, research on consumer perceptions has the potential to shape the design and renewal of health warnings and to determine what, if any, information on product constituents should appear on packages. Research on consumer perceptions of existing and novel tobacco products will also be critical to help identify potentially misleading information that should be restricted under the Act.
Packaging and labeling regulations required under the Act will bring the United States in line with international standards. There is an immediate need for research to evaluate these measures to guide future regulatory action.
《家庭吸烟预防和烟草控制法案》（简称“法案”）于 2009 年 6 月颁布，赋予了美国食品和药物管理局监管烟草产品的权力。本文回顾了包装和标签的规定，包括现有证据和研究重点。
使用电子文献搜索在三个主要领域中对已发表和未发表的来源进行叙述性综述：健康警告、成分标签和包装促销元素的禁止。
该法案要求在卷烟包装上使用 9 幅图像健康警告，覆盖包装的一半，在无烟烟草包装上使用 4 个文本警告，覆盖 30%。该法案还禁止在包装上使用可能产生误导的信息，包括“淡味”和“柔和”等术语，并规定必须在包装上披露化学成分。许多具体的监管规定都是基于它们在多大程度上促进了“公众对烟草风险的认识”。因此，消费者认知研究有可能影响健康警告的设计和更新，并确定包装上应显示哪些（如果有的话）产品成分信息。对现有和新型烟草产品的消费者认知研究也将是至关重要的，有助于确定应根据该法案限制哪些可能产生误导的信息。
该法案要求的包装和标签法规将使美国与国际标准保持一致。目前迫切需要研究这些措施，以指导未来的监管行动。
