Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A2K6, Canada.
Chem Soc Rev. 2012 Feb 21;41(4):1415-27. doi: 10.1039/c1cs15222j. Epub 2011 Nov 2.
The use of water as solvent features many benefits such as improving reactivities and selectivities, simplifying the workup procedures, enabling the recycling of the catalyst and allowing mild reaction conditions and protecting-group free synthesis in addition to being benign itself. In addition, exploring organic chemistry in water can lead to uncommon reactivities and selectivities complementing the organic chemists' synthetic toolbox in organic solvents. Studying chemistry in water also allows insight to be gained into Nature's way of chemical synthesis. However, using water as solvent is not always green. This tutorial review briefly discusses organic synthesis in water with a Green Chemistry perspective.
水作为溶剂具有许多优点，例如提高反应活性和选择性、简化后处理步骤、使催化剂能够回收利用，并允许在温和的反应条件下进行无保护基合成，此外，水本身也是良性的。此外，在水中探索有机化学可以产生不同寻常的反应活性和选择性，补充有机化学家在有机溶剂中的合成工具箱。在水中研究化学也可以深入了解自然界的化学合成方式。然而，用水作为溶剂并不总是环保的。本综述简要讨论了从绿色化学角度来看水相有机合成。
