Centre for Infectious Disease and Control (Cib), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Vaccine. 2011 Dec 9;30(1):51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.048. Epub 2011 Nov 4.
Whooping cough has made its comeback and the incidence of pertussis in countries with widespread pertussis vaccination is most prominent in individuals above 9 years of age. To control the burden of infection, several countries already introduced acellular pertussis (aP) booster vaccination in adolescents and/or adults. However, antibody levels wane rapidly after vaccination even at older age. In this longitudinal study we investigated the effect of a second aP booster on the pertussis-specific memory B-cell immunity in children 9 years of age that have previously been vaccinated according to the national immunization program. Longitudinal blood samples were taken before, one month and one year after the booster. Purified B-cells were polyclonally stimulated and frequencies of memory B-cells were identified by ELISPOT-assays specific for various pertussis antigens. In addition, IgG levels and avidity indices were measured with fluorescent bead-based multiplex immunoassays. Starting with low pertussis-specific antibody and memory B-cell levels, a typical booster response was measured at one month after vaccination with increased antibody and memory B-cell responses. Although these responses declined slightly after one year, they substantially exceeded pre-booster levels and the avidity indices of the anti-pertussis antibodies remained high. Furthermore, high numbers of pertussis-specific memory B-cells at one-month post-booster correlate quite reliably with the corresponding high antibody response at one-year follow-up. In conclusion, booster vaccination in children 9 years of age induced an enhanced pertussis-specific memory immune response that sustained at least for one year. Therefore, this study supports the introduction of booster vaccination in older age groups.
百日咳卷土重来，在广泛开展百日咳疫苗接种的国家，发病率最高的是 9 岁以上人群。为了控制感染负担，一些国家已经在青少年和/或成年人中引入了无细胞百日咳（aP）加强疫苗接种。然而，即使在年龄较大时，接种后的抗体水平也会迅速下降。在这项纵向研究中，我们调查了第二次 aP 加强疫苗接种对以前按照国家免疫计划接种疫苗的 9 岁儿童百日咳特异性记忆 B 细胞免疫的影响。在加强疫苗接种前、一个月和一年后采集纵向血液样本。通过 ELISPOT 分析特异性针对各种百日咳抗原的方法，对纯化的 B 细胞进行多克隆刺激，并鉴定记忆 B 细胞的频率。此外，还使用荧光珠基多重免疫分析测量 IgG 水平和亲和力指数。从低百日咳特异性抗体和记忆 B 细胞水平开始，接种一个月后即可测量到典型的加强反应，抗体和记忆 B 细胞反应增加。尽管一年后这些反应略有下降，但它们大大超过了加强前的水平，抗百日咳抗体的亲和力指数仍然很高。此外，加强后一个月的高数量的百日咳特异性记忆 B 细胞与一年后随访时相应的高抗体反应非常可靠地相关。总之，在 9 岁儿童中进行加强疫苗接种可诱导增强的百日咳特异性记忆免疫反应，至少可持续一年。因此，本研究支持在年龄较大的人群中引入加强疫苗接种。
