Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Cell Cycle. 2011 Oct 15;10(20):3452-60. doi: 10.4161/cc.10.20.17953.
Bioenergy homeostasis constitutes one of the most crucial foundations upon which other cellular and organismal processes may be executed. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been shown to be the key player in the regulation of energy metabolism, and thus is becoming the focus of research on obesity, diabetes and other metabolic disorders. However, its role in the brain, the most energy-consuming organ in our body, has only recently been studied and appreciated. Widely expressed in the brain, AMPK activity is tightly coupled to the energy status at both neuronal and whole-body levels. Importantly, AMPK signaling is intimately implicated in multiple aspects of brain development and function including neuronal proliferation, migration, morphogenesis and synaptic communication, as well as in pathological conditions such as neuronal cell death, energy depletion and neurodegenerative disorders.
生物能量平衡是其他细胞和机体过程得以执行的最重要基础之一。AMP 激活的蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 已被证明是能量代谢调节的关键因子，因此成为肥胖症、糖尿病和其他代谢紊乱研究的焦点。然而，它在我们身体中最耗能的器官——大脑中的作用直到最近才被研究和认识到。AMPK 活性在大脑中广泛表达，与神经元和全身水平的能量状态紧密相关。重要的是，AMPK 信号与大脑发育和功能的多个方面密切相关，包括神经元增殖、迁移、形态发生和突触通讯，以及神经元细胞死亡、能量耗竭和神经退行性疾病等病理状况。
