Centre for the Built Environment and Health, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth (6009), Australia.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011 Nov 10;8:123. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-123.
Active school transport (AST) has declined rapidly in recent decades. While many studies have examined walking, cycling to school has received very little attention. Correlates of cycling are likely to differ to those from walking and cycling enables AST from further distances. This study examined individual, social and environmental factors associated with cycling to school among elementary school-aged children, stratified by gender.
Children (n = 1197) attending 25 Australian primary schools located in high or low walkable neighborhoods, completed a one-week travel diary and a parent/child questionnaire on travel habits and attitudes.
Overall, 31.2% of boys and 14.6% of girls cycled ≥ 1 trip/week, however 59.4% of boys and 36.7% of girls reported cycling as their preferred school transport mode. In boys (but not girls), school neighborhood design was significantly associated with cycling: i.e., boys attending schools in neighborhoods with high connectivity and low traffic were 5.58 times more likely to cycle (95% CI 1.11-27.96) and for each kilometer boys lived from school the odds of cycling reduced by 0.70 (95% CI 0.63-0.99). Irrespective of gender, cycling to school was associated with parental confidence in their child's cycling ability (boys: OR 10.39; 95% CI 3.79-28.48; girls: OR 4.03; 95% CI 2.02-8.05), parental perceived convenience of driving (boys: OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.23-0.74; girls: OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.20-0.82); and child's preference to cycle (boys: OR 5.68; 95% CI 3.23-9.98; girls: OR 3.73; 95% CI 2.26-6.17).
School proximity, street network connectivity and traffic exposure in school neighborhoods was associated with boys (but not girls) cycling to school. Irrespective of gender, parents need to be confident in their child's cycling ability and must prioritize cycling over driving.
近几十年来，积极的学校交通（AST）迅速减少。虽然许多研究都考察了步行上学，但骑自行车上学却很少受到关注。骑自行车上学的相关因素可能与步行上学不同，而且骑自行车上学可以从更远的距离进行。本研究考察了小学年龄段儿童中与骑自行车上学相关的个人、社会和环境因素，并按性别进行了分层。
在位于高步行便利或低步行便利街区的 25 所澳大利亚小学就读的 1197 名儿童完成了为期一周的出行日记和一份关于出行习惯和态度的家长/儿童问卷。
总体而言，31.2%的男孩和 14.6%的女孩每周至少骑车 1 次，但 59.4%的男孩和 36.7%的女孩表示骑车是他们首选的上学交通方式。在男孩中（而不是女孩中），学校周边环境设计与骑车显著相关：即，就读于高连通性和低交通街区的学校的男孩骑车的可能性高 5.58 倍（95%CI 1.11-27.96），而且男孩距离学校每增加 1 公里，骑车的可能性就降低 0.70（95%CI 0.63-0.99）。无论性别如何，骑车上学与父母对孩子骑车能力的信心（男孩：OR 10.39；95%CI 3.79-28.48；女孩：OR 4.03；95%CI 2.02-8.05）、父母认为开车方便程度（男孩：OR 0.42；95%CI 0.23-0.74；女孩：OR 0.40；95%CI 0.20-0.82）以及孩子选择骑车的意愿（男孩：OR 5.68；95%CI 3.23-9.98；女孩：OR 3.73；95%CI 2.26-6.17）相关。
学校周边环境、街区内街道网络的连通性和交通暴露程度与男孩（而非女孩）骑车上学相关。无论性别如何，父母都需要对孩子的骑车能力有信心，并且必须优先考虑骑车而非开车。
