University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2008 Jun 23;5:34. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-5-34.
Many youth fail to meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity. Walking and cycling, forms of active travel, have the potential to contribute significantly towards overall physical activity levels. Recent research examining the associations between physical activity and the environment has shown that environmental factors play a role in determining behaviour in children and adolescents. However, links between the environment and active travel have received less attention.
Twenty four studies were identified which examined the associations between the environment (perceived or objectively measured) and active travel among youth aged 5-18 years. Findings were categorised according to the location of the environmental measure examined; attributes of the neighbourhood, destination and the route between home and destination.
Results from the reviewed studies indicated that youth active travel is positively associated with social interactions, facilities to assist active travel and urban form in the neighbourhood as well as shorter route length and road safety en-route. A conceptual framework is presented which highlights the associations between active travel behaviours and environmental factors, drawing upon both existing and hypothesised relationships.
We provide a review of the available literature and present a novel theoretical framework that integrates the environment into the wider decision making process around travel choices for children and adolescents. Further work should explore associations where gaps in understanding have been identified, and account for the main moderators of behaviour so hypothesised associations can be confirmed.
许多年轻人未能达到推荐的体育活动标准。步行和骑自行车作为主动出行的形式，有可能对整体体育活动水平做出重大贡献。最近研究表明，环境因素在决定儿童和青少年的行为方面发挥着作用，考察了体育活动与环境之间的关系。然而，环境与主动出行之间的联系受到的关注较少。
确定了 24 项研究，这些研究检查了环境（感知或客观测量）与 5-18 岁年轻人之间的主动出行之间的关系。根据环境测量的位置将发现进行分类；邻里、目的地和家庭与目的地之间的路线的特征。
综述研究结果表明，青少年主动出行与社会互动、促进主动出行的设施以及邻里的城市形态呈正相关，同时还与较短的路线长度和沿途道路安全有关。提出了一个概念框架，该框架利用现有的和假设的关系，突出了主动出行行为与环境因素之间的关联。
我们对现有文献进行了综述，并提出了一个新的理论框架，将环境纳入儿童和青少年出行选择的更广泛决策过程中。进一步的工作应该探索已经确定的理解差距的关联，并考虑到行为的主要调节因素，以便能够证实假设的关联。
