Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Sep;26(9):2558-69. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31823f8c1a.
Body core cooling via the palm of a hand increases work volume during resistive exercise. We asked: (a) "Is there a correlation between elevated core temperatures and fatigue onset during resistive exercise?" and (b) "Does palm cooling between sets of resistive exercise affect strength and work volume training responses?" Core temperature was manipulated by 30-45 minutes of fixed load and duration treadmill exercise in the heat with or without palm cooling. Work volume was then assessed by 4 sets of fixed load bench press exercises. Core temperatures were reduced and work volumes increased after palm cooling (Control: Tes = 39.0 ± 0.1° C, 36 ± 7 reps vs. Cooling: Tes = 38.4 ± 0.2° C, 42 ± 7 reps, mean ± SD, n = 8, p < 0.001). In separate experiments, the impact of palm cooling on work volume and strength training responses were assessed. The participants completed biweekly bench press or pull-up exercises for multiple successive weeks. Palm cooling was applied for 3 minutes between sets of exercise. Over 3 weeks of bench press training, palm cooling increased work volume by 40% (vs. 13% with no treatment; n = 8, p < 0.05). Over 6 weeks of pull-up training, palm cooling increased work volume by 144% in pull-up experienced subjects (vs. 5% over 2 weeks with no treatment; n = 7, p < 0.001) and by 80% in pull-up naïve subjects (vs. 20% with no treatment; n = 11, p < 0.01). Strength (1 repetition maximum) increased 22% over 10 weeks of pyramid bench press training (4 weeks with no treatment followed by 6 weeks with palm cooling; n = 10, p < 0.001). These results verify previous observations about the effects of palm cooling on work volume, demonstrate a link between core temperature and fatigue onset during resistive exercise, and suggest a novel means for improving strength and work volume training responses.
手掌核心冷却会增加抗阻运动时的工作量。我们提出了以下两个问题：（a）“在抗阻运动过程中，核心温度升高与疲劳发作之间是否存在相关性？”和（b）“在抗阻运动组间进行手掌冷却是否会影响力量和工作量训练反应？”在热环境中，通过 30-45 分钟的固定负荷和持续时间的跑步机运动来操纵核心温度，同时或不进行手掌冷却。然后通过 4 组固定负荷卧推运动来评估工作量。手掌冷却后，核心温度降低，工作量增加（对照组：Tes = 39.0 ± 0.1°C，36 ± 7 次重复；冷却组：Tes = 38.4 ± 0.2°C，42 ± 7 次重复，平均值 ± SD，n = 8，p < 0.001）。在单独的实验中，评估了手掌冷却对工作量和力量训练反应的影响。参与者在多个连续周内每周进行两次卧推或引体向上练习。在每组运动之间进行 3 分钟的手掌冷却。经过 3 周的卧推训练，手掌冷却使工作量增加了 40%（与无处理组的 13%相比；n = 8，p < 0.05）。经过 6 周的引体向上训练，有经验的引体向上受试者的工作量增加了 144%（与无处理组的 2 周增加 5%相比；n = 7，p < 0.001），无经验的引体向上受试者的工作量增加了 80%（与无处理组的 20%相比；n = 11，p < 0.01）。经过 10 周的金字塔式卧推训练，力量（1 次重复最大值）增加了 22%（4 周无处理，然后 6 周手掌冷却；n = 10，p < 0.001）。这些结果验证了之前关于手掌冷却对工作量影响的观察结果，表明了在抗阻运动过程中核心温度与疲劳发作之间的联系，并提出了一种提高力量和工作量训练反应的新方法。
