Maternal and Infant Nutrition and Nurture Unit (MAINN), School of Health, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
Midwifery. 2012 Dec;28(6):831-5. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2011.09.013. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
the aim of this study was to explore and contextualise meanings, beliefs and practices surrounding maternal and infant nutrition in North West Pakistan and to use the findings to inform the development of a nutritional improvement programme adapted to local needs.
the Context-Mechanism-Outcome framework was used to gather contextual data, formulate questions and conduct focus groups to inform the design of a culturally appropriate nutritional health programme with the overall goal of improving practices related to maternal and infant nutrition. Two focus groups were conducted with the team of local lady health workers (n=16), one prior to implementing a nutritional improvement programme and one 6 months after implementation.
the study was conducted in communities surrounding and served by the Emergency Satellite Hospital (ESH) in Nahaqi in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (KP) (formally known as the Northwest Frontier Province), Pakistan.
poverty and specific cultural practices impeded the achievement of optimum maternal and infant nutrition. A nutrition support programme was implemented; it involved cookery demonstration kitchens and free food supplements, coupled with nutrition and health-care information-giving for pregnant and lactating women. Focus group discussions revealed that women had positive perceptions of the impact of the nutritional health improvement programme, feeling that knowledge and practices were enhanced. However, structural and cultural factors continued to have a powerful influence on their practices.
this study highlights that despite structural, cultural and practical barriers, a culturally sensitive health improvement programme has the potential to enhance maternal and infant nutritional practices. However, we should not underestimate the powerful influence of poverty and culturally embedded norms upon women's decisions and practices.
本研究旨在探索和理解巴基斯坦西北部母婴营养的意义、信念和实践，并利用研究结果为制定适应当地需求的营养改善计划提供信息。
使用情境-机制-结果框架收集情境数据，提出问题并进行焦点小组讨论，为制定文化上适当的营养健康计划提供信息，该计划的总体目标是改善与母婴营养相关的实践。在实施营养改善计划之前和之后，与当地妇女健康工作者团队（n=16）分别进行了两次焦点小组讨论。
该研究在巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省（KP）纳哈奇的紧急卫星医院（ESH）周围和服务的社区进行。
贫困和特定的文化习俗阻碍了母婴最佳营养的实现。实施了营养支持计划，包括烹饪示范厨房和免费的食品补充剂，以及为孕妇和哺乳期妇女提供营养和保健信息。焦点小组讨论显示，妇女对营养健康改善计划的影响有积极的看法，认为知识和实践得到了提高。然而，结构性和文化因素继续对她们的实践产生强大影响。
本研究强调，尽管存在结构性、文化和实际障碍，但文化敏感的健康改善计划有可能增强母婴营养实践。然而，我们不应低估贫困和文化中根深蒂固的规范对妇女决策和实践的强大影响。
