School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, England, UK.
Health Place. 2012 Mar;18(2):315-20. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.10.008. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
Road bends are known to cause traffic crashes, but the hypothesis in this study was that small geographical areas with many road bends have less, not more, road casualties than comparable areas with fewer bends. Data on road crashes involving fatal, serious and slight casualties in 571 wards in Eastern England were examined against four measures of average road curvature (mean angle per bend, cumulative angle per km, number of bends per km and ratio of road distance to straight distance) using regression analysis. Taking account of other risk factors, measures of average road curvature in wards were negatively associated with crash numbers, especially for fatal crashes. The strongest associations were with the cumulative angle turned per km. The results add to evidence suggesting that road casualty risk effects vary with geographical scale. Although individual road bends might be hazardous, frequent bends have a protective effect over a few kilometres of road.
道路弯曲已知会导致交通事故，但本研究的假设是，与弯道较少的可比区域相比，具有许多弯道的小地理区域的道路伤亡人数更少，而不是更多。针对英格兰东部 571 个区涉及致命、严重和轻微伤害的道路事故数据，采用回归分析方法，根据四项平均道路曲率指标（每弯道平均角度、每公里累计角度、每公里弯道数和道路直线距离与实际距离之比）进行了检查。在考虑其他风险因素的情况下，各区分段的平均道路曲率指标与事故数量呈负相关，尤其是致命事故。与每公里累计转弯角度的关联最强。研究结果进一步证明了道路伤亡风险的影响随地理范围而变化。虽然个别道路弯道可能存在危险，但在数公里的道路上频繁弯道具有保护作用。
