Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 May;43(3):1082-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.016. Epub 2011 Jan 14.
This paper presents findings from the rural and remote road safety study, conducted in Queensland, Australia, from March 2004 till June 2007, and compares fatal crashes and non-fatal but serious crashes in respect of their environmental, vehicle and operator factors. During the study period there were 613 non-fatal crashes resulting in 684 hospitalised casualties and 119 fatal crashes resulting in 130 fatalities. Additional information from police sources was available on 103 fatal and 309 non-fatal serious crashes. Over three quarters of both fatal and hospitalised casualties were male and the median age in both groups was 34 years. Fatal crashes were more likely to involve speed, alcohol and violations of road rules and fatal crash victims were 2½ times more likely to be unrestrained inside the vehicle than non-fatal casualties, consistent with current international evidence. After controlling for human factors, vehicle and road conditions made a minimal contribution to the seriousness of the crash outcome. Targeted interventions to prevent fatalities on rural and remote roads should focus on reducing speed and drink driving and promoting seatbelt wearing.
本文呈现了澳大利亚昆士兰州 2004 年 3 月至 2007 年 6 月进行的农村和偏远地区道路安全研究的结果，并对其环境、车辆和驾驶员因素方面的致命碰撞和非致命但严重碰撞进行了比较。在研究期间，发生了 613 起非致命碰撞事故，导致 684 人住院，119 起致命碰撞事故导致 130 人死亡。警方还提供了关于 103 起致命和 309 起非致命严重碰撞事故的额外信息。致命和住院伤者中超过四分之三是男性，两组的中位年龄均为 34 岁。致命碰撞更可能涉及超速、酒精和违反交通规则，而与非致命伤者相比，致命碰撞受害者在车内未系安全带的可能性要高出 2.5 倍，这与当前国际证据一致。在控制了人为因素后，车辆和道路状况对碰撞后果的严重程度的影响微乎其微。针对农村和偏远地区道路上的死亡事故的有针对性干预措施应重点关注降低速度和酒后驾车，并促进系安全带。
