澳大利亚的前列腺癌发病率与太阳辐射呈负相关。

Prostate cancer incidence in Australia correlates inversely with solar radiation.

机构信息

Nepean Hospital - Urology Department, Derby St Kingswood University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.

出版信息

BJU Int. 2011 Nov;108 Suppl 2:66-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10736.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10736.x

PMID:22085133

Abstract

UNLABELLED

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Increased sun exposure and blood levels of vitamin D have been postulated to be protective against prostate cancer. This is controversial. We investigated the relationship between prostate cancer incidence and solar radiation in non-urban Australia, and found a lower incidence in regions receiving more sunlight. In landmark ecological studies, prostate cancer mortality rates have been shown to be inversely related to ultraviolet radiation exposure. Investigators have hypothesised that ultraviolet radiation acts by increasing production of vitamin D, which inhibits prostate cancer cells in vitro. However, analyses of serum levels of vitamin D in men with prostate cancer have failed to support this hypothesis. This study has found an inverse correlation between solar radiation and prostate cancer incidence in Australia. Our population (previously unstudied) represents the third group to exhibit this correlation. Significantly, the demographics and climate of Australia differ markedly from those of previous studies conducted on men in the United Kingdom and the United States.

OBJECTIVE

• To ascertain if prostate cancer incidence rates correlate with solar radiation among non-urban populations of men in Australia.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

• Local government areas from each state and territory were selected using explicit criteria. Urban areas were excluded from analysis. • For each local government area, prostate cancer incidence rates and averaged long-term solar radiation were obtained. • The strength of the association between prostate cancer incidence and solar radiation was determined.

RESULTS

• Among 70 local government areas of Australia, age-standardized prostate cancer incidence rates for the period 1998-2007 correlated inversely with daily solar radiation averaged over the last two decades.

CONCLUSION

• There exists an association between less solar radiation and higher prostate cancer incidence in Australia.

摘要

本研究未在城市地区进行。此前，已有研究表明，英国和美国男性的前列腺癌死亡率与紫外线辐射暴露量呈负相关，据此研究者推测，紫外线辐射可能通过增加维生素 D 的生成而发挥抑制前列腺癌细胞的作用，但对前列腺癌患者血清维生素 D 水平的分析结果并不支持这一假说。本研究在澳大利亚人群中发现了太阳辐射与前列腺癌发病率之间存在相关性，而这是第三个报道该相关性的人群。值得注意的是，澳大利亚人群的人口统计学特征和气候条件与之前在英国和美国男性中开展的研究存在显著差异。