Liu L S
Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing.
Clin Exp Hypertens A. 1990;12(5):831-44.
Epidemiological studies show higher BP level, lipid level and higher prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis and stenosis, in north than in south China. Urban populations have higher prevalence of HT than rural, high altitude dwellers usually have lower prevalence. Genetic differences start to affect BP from early childhood, children from higher BP parents are found more salt sensitive. Higher Na and Na/K, lower protein and Ca in the north, are important dietary factors in explaining north-south difference. Low prevalence of high altitude dwellers is found to be related with low salt intake, less stress perhaps also hypoxia. CVD Community control program has started since 1969, from 1969-1989, eleven such programs have been established in Beijing covering a total population of 750,000. Encouraging results in reduction of CVD mortality and morbidity rates have been obtained. Primary prevention by restriction of Na and supplementation of calcium has been tried and found to be eligible preventive measures.
流行病学研究表明，中国北方的血压水平、血脂水平以及冠状动脉粥样硬化和狭窄的患病率均高于南方。城市人口的高血压患病率高于农村，高海拔地区居民的患病率通常较低。遗传差异从儿童早期就开始影响血压，父母血压较高的儿童对盐更敏感。北方较高的钠和钠/钾水平、较低的蛋白质和钙水平，是解释南北差异的重要饮食因素。高海拔地区居民患病率低与低盐摄入、压力较小以及可能的缺氧有关。心血管疾病社区控制项目自1969年启动，1969年至1989年期间，北京建立了11个此类项目，覆盖总人口75万。在降低心血管疾病死亡率和发病率方面取得了令人鼓舞的成果。通过限制钠摄入和补充钙进行一级预防的措施已经进行了尝试，并被发现是合格的预防措施。
