Xue Lingyu, Lou Yanxia, Feng Xiaoqing, Wang Chuaihai, Ran Zhangshen, Zhang Xuebin
Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, China.
Department of Nephrology, Veterans Hospital, Taian, 271000, Shandong Province, China.
BMC Nephrol. 2014 Dec 21;15:205. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-15-205.
This study was designed to assess the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated risk factors among the Chinese population in Taian, China.
A primary care-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Taian, China, from September to December 2012. Participants selected by a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling procedure were interviewed and tested for hematuria, albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other clinical indices. Factors associated with CKD were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.
A total of 14,399 subjects were enrolled in this study. The rates of hematuria, albuminuria and reduced eGFR were 4.20%, 5.25% and 1.89%, respectively. Approximately 9.49% (95% CI: 8.93%-10.85%) of the participants had at least one indicator of CKD, with an awareness of 1.4%. Univariate analyses showed that greater age, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure; higher levels of serum creatinine, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and lower eGFR were associated with CKD (p < 0.05 each). Multivariate analysis showed that age, female gender, educational level, smoking habits, systolic blood pressure, and history of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia were independent risk factors for CKD.
The prevalence of CKD in the primary care population of Taian, China, is high, although awareness is quite low. Health education and policies to prevent CKD are urgently needed among this population.
本研究旨在评估中国泰安人群中慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病率及相关危险因素。
2012年9月至12月在中国泰安开展了一项基于初级保健的横断面研究。通过多阶段分层整群抽样程序选取参与者，对其进行访谈并检测血尿、蛋白尿、估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）及其他临床指标。采用单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析CKD的相关因素。
本研究共纳入14399名受试者。血尿、蛋白尿及eGFR降低的发生率分别为4.20%、5.25%和1.89%。约9.49%（95%CI：8.93%-10.85%）的参与者至少有一项CKD指标，知晓率为1.4%。单因素分析显示，年龄较大、体重指数、收缩压和舒张压较高；血清肌酐、尿酸、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较高；以及eGFR较低与CKD相关（各p<0.05）。多因素分析显示，年龄、女性、教育程度、吸烟习惯、收缩压以及糖尿病、高脂血症、高胆固醇血症和高尿酸血症病史是CKD的独立危险因素。
中国泰安初级保健人群中CKD患病率较高，但知晓率很低。该人群迫切需要开展预防CKD的健康教育和相关政策。
