Tao S, Wu X, Duan X, Fang W, Hao J, Fan D, Wang W, Li Y
Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing.
Chin Med J (Engl). 1995 Jul;108(7):483-9.
A nation-wide survey of blood pressure (BP) and high BP was made in China in 1991, using standardized methods and covering 950,356 men and women aged 15 years and above, from 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. The purpose of the study was to estimate the prevalence and the status of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. The overall prevalence rate of hypertension defined as systolic BP > or = 140 or diastolic BP > or = 90 mmHg or currently on antihypertensive medication was 13.6%, and was higher in urban (16.3%) than in rural (11.1%) setting. The rate was 6.6% if a BP cut-point of 160/95 mmHg was used. Rates were low in younger age-groups but rose sharply after age 45. The total number of hypertensives in 1990 was estimated to be close to 90 millions. Of all hypertensives, about 1/4 were aware of their high BP, half of these were on medication, and only 3% had their BP controlled. All the rates were higher if the BP cut-point was 160/95 mmHg. Higher rates were found in urban than rural setting and, to a lesser degree, for women than men. In conclusion, hypertension was found to be common in China, and the rates of awareness, drug treatment, and controlled BP were low, indicating an urgent need for developing a national program of treatment and prevention of high BP.
1991年在中国开展了一项全国性的血压及高血压调查，采用标准化方法，涵盖了来自30个省、自治区和直辖市的950356名15岁及以上的男性和女性。该研究的目的是评估高血压的患病率以及知晓率、治疗率和控制率情况。定义为收缩压≥140或舒张压≥90 mmHg或正在服用抗高血压药物的高血压总体患病率为13.6%，城市地区（16.3%）高于农村地区（11.1%）。若采用160/95 mmHg的血压切点，则患病率为6.6%。患病率在较年轻年龄组中较低，但在45岁以后急剧上升。据估计，1990年高血压患者总数接近9000万。在所有高血压患者中，约四分之一知晓自己患有高血压，其中一半正在接受药物治疗，只有3%的患者血压得到控制。若血压切点为160/95 mmHg，则所有这些比率都会更高。城市地区的比率高于农村地区，在一定程度上，女性的比率低于男性。总之，高血压在中国很常见，知晓率、药物治疗率和血压控制率都很低，这表明迫切需要制定一项全国性的高血压治疗和预防计划。
