McDaniels A E, Reyes A L, Wymer L J, Rankin C C, Stelma G N
Microbiology Research Division, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1990;16(3):204-15. doi: 10.1002/em.2850160308.
The limits of detection of 10 genotoxins representing 7 chemical classes with varying structures and modes of action were compared using the Ames test (Salmonella plate-incorporation test) with 2 tester strains, 2 standard colorimetric methods (the umu test and SOS Chromotest), and modifications of the umu and SOS Chromotests developed during the course of this study. The purpose of the study was to determine the sensitivity and reproducibility of each of the six methods. The sensitivities of the methods were compared using two criteria: the concentrations required for doubling responses, and the minimum concentrations required to produce statistically significant increases from background controls. The Ames test with strains TA98 and TA100 was ranked as the most sensitive method more often than the others, but the results indicated that the umu tests were statistically equivalent to the Ames test. The original SOS Chromotest kit method was highly sensitive in detecting the direct acting genotoxins, but neither SOS test was as sensitive as the other methods in detecting indirect acting genotoxins. The umu microtiter plate test is the least expensive of the assays and would be the most suitable for screening large numbers of environmental samples.
使用艾姆斯试验（沙门氏菌平板掺入试验），结合2种测试菌株、2种标准比色法（umu试验和SOS色变试验）以及在本研究过程中开发的umu和SOS色变试验的改进方法，比较了代表7种化学类别、具有不同结构和作用方式的10种基因毒素的检测限。本研究的目的是确定这六种方法各自的灵敏度和重现性。使用两个标准比较这些方法的灵敏度：使反应加倍所需的浓度，以及产生相对于背景对照有统计学显著增加所需的最低浓度。使用TA98和TA100菌株的艾姆斯试验比其他方法更常被评为最灵敏的方法，但结果表明umu试验在统计学上与艾姆斯试验相当。原始的SOS色变试剂盒方法在检测直接作用的基因毒素方面高度灵敏，但在检测间接作用的基因毒素方面，两种SOS试验都不如其他方法灵敏。umu微量滴定板试验是这些检测方法中成本最低的，最适合用于筛查大量环境样品。
