Program on Forced Migration & Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2011 Dec;35(12):1045-52. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.08.004. Epub 2011 Nov 17.
The paper reviews the experiences of conducting child protection assessments across four humanitarian emergencies where violence and insecurity, directly or indirectly, posed a major threat to children. We seek to identify common themes emerging from these experiences and propose ways to guide the planning and implementation of assessments that effectively identify, and suggest means of response to, threats to children's rights and well-being in emergency settings.
In the context of a field evaluation of an inter-agency resource kit, crisis settings where an inter-agency assessment of child protection had been considered in the period August 2008 to July 2010 were identified. Email correspondence, telephone-based structured interviews and documentary review collated information from child protection coordinating agencies from a total of twenty sites, the minority of which had proceeded to complete an assessment. This paper presents case studies of the experience in Georgia (following the conflict between Russian and Georgian forces in August 2008), Gaza (following the Israeli military incursion beginning in December 2008), Haiti (following the earthquake of January 2010), and Yemen (following the ceasefire agreement between the government and rebel forces in early 2010). CASE STUDY FINDINGS: In each setting the context of the humanitarian emergency is outlined. The processes of the planning (and, where appropriate, implementation) of the child protection assessment is described. Where available, the findings of the child protection assessment and their use in shaping interventions are summarized.
Case studies document experience across humanitarian settings widely divergent in terms of the nature of the emergency, social-political context, and institutional capacity. Despite such differences, analysis suggests securing inter-agency coordination, preparation and capacity building, and means of ensuring timeliness of findings to be recurrent themes in the effective mobilization of an effective assessment able to inform programming.
本文回顾了在四次人道主义紧急情况下进行儿童保护评估的经验，这些紧急情况直接或间接地对儿童构成了重大威胁。我们试图从这些经验中确定共同的主题，并提出指导评估规划和实施的方法，以便有效地识别和提出应对儿童权利和福祉在紧急情况下受到威胁的措施。
在对机构间资源包进行实地评估的背景下，确定了 2008 年 8 月至 2010 年 7 月期间在危机情况下考虑进行机构间儿童保护评估的地点。电子邮件通信、电话结构化访谈和文件审查从总共 20 个地点的儿童保护协调机构收集信息，其中只有少数几个地点完成了评估。本文介绍了在格鲁吉亚（2008 年 8 月俄罗斯和格鲁吉亚军队冲突后）、加沙（2008 年 12 月以色列军事入侵后）、海地（2010 年 1 月地震后）和也门（2010 年初政府与反叛部队停火协议后）的经验案例研究。
在每种情况下，都概述了人道主义紧急情况的背景。描述了儿童保护评估的规划（和酌情实施）过程。在有可用信息的情况下，总结了儿童保护评估的结果及其在塑造干预措施中的应用。
案例研究记录了在紧急情况的性质、社会政治背景和机构能力方面差异很大的人道主义环境中的经验。尽管存在这些差异，但分析表明，确保机构间协调、准备和能力建设，以及确保及时发现问题，是有效调动能够为方案规划提供信息的有效评估的反复出现的主题。
