Norman G J, Ribisl K M, Howard-Pitney B, Howard K A
Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, Palo Alto 94304, USA.
Prev Med. 1999 Dec;29(6 Pt 1):581-9. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1999.0574.
This paper addresses the question of whether individuals who are most in need of household and car smoking bans, such as individuals with children living at home or who have many friends who smoke, are the ones who have them.
A representative sample of 6985 California adults ages 18 and older participated in telephone interviews.
Overall, 76% of adults report having home smoking bans and 66% have car smoking bans. Being a smoker or African American, not having children in the home, having more friends who smoke, and lower household income were associated with lower prevalence of both home and car smoking bans (P < 0.01). In multivariate analyses, nonsmokers were 7.9 (95% CI = 3.56, 17.31) times more likely to have a home smoking ban when none of their friends were smokers compared to when most of their friends were smokers. Among smokers, there was an interaction between having children at home and the proportion of friends who smoke. Only 27 to 55% of smokers had home smoking bans unless most of their friends were smokers, then the odds of having a ban were 6.1 (95% CI = 2.76, 13.68) times higher for smokers with children (67% with home bans) than for smokers without children at home (25% with home bans).
Efforts to increase home and car smoking bans for nonsmokers who have friends who smoke and smokers with children living at home are needed.
本文探讨了最需要家庭和车内禁烟规定的人群，如家中有孩子的人或有许多吸烟朋友的人，是否拥有这些规定。
对6985名年龄在18岁及以上的加利福尼亚成年人进行了具有代表性的电话访谈。
总体而言，76%的成年人报告家中有禁烟规定，66%的人报告车内有禁烟规定。吸烟者、非裔美国人、家中没有孩子、有更多吸烟的朋友以及家庭收入较低与家庭和车内禁烟规定的较低普及率相关（P < 0.01）。在多变量分析中，与大多数朋友都吸烟的非吸烟者相比，当没有朋友吸烟时，非吸烟者拥有家庭禁烟规定的可能性高出7.9倍（95%置信区间 = 3.56, 17.31）。在吸烟者中，家中有孩子和吸烟朋友的比例之间存在相互作用。只有27%至55%的吸烟者有家庭禁烟规定，除非大多数朋友都吸烟，此时有孩子的吸烟者（67%有家庭禁烟规定）拥有禁烟规定的几率比家中没有孩子的吸烟者（25%有家庭禁烟规定）高出6.1倍（95%置信区间 = 2.76, 13.68）。
需要努力为有吸烟朋友的非吸烟者以及家中有孩子的吸烟者增加家庭和车内禁烟规定。
