Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca, Franca, SP, 14404-600, Brazil.
Molecules. 2011 Nov 18;16(11):9611-9. doi: 10.3390/molecules16119611.
The antimicrobial activity of four labdane-type diterpenes isolated from the oleoresin of Copaifera langsdorffii as well as of two commercially available diterpenes (sclareol and manool) was investigated against a representative panel of microorganisms responsible for periodontitis. Among all the evaluated compounds, (-)-copalic acid (CA) was the most active, displaying a very promising MIC value (3.1 µg mL-1; 10.2 µM) against the key pathogen (Porphyromonas gingivalis) involved in this infectious disease. Moreover, CA did not exhibit cytotoxicity when tested in human fibroblasts. Time-kill curve assays performed with CA against P. gingivalis revealed that this compound only inhibited the growth of the inoculums in the first 12 h (bacteriostatic effect). However, its bactericidal effect was clearly noted thereafter (between 12 and 24 h). It was also possible to verify an additive effect when CA and chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (CHD, positive control) were associated at their MBC values. The time curve profile resulting from this combination showed that this association needed only six hours for the bactericidal effect to be noted. In summary, CA has shown to be an important metabolite for the control of periodontal diseases. Moreover, the use of standardized extracts based on copaiba oleoresin with high CA contents can be an important strategy in the development of novel oral care products.
从 Copaifera langsdorffii 油树脂中分离得到的四种角鲨烷型二萜类化合物以及两种市售二萜类化合物（喇叭茶醇和甘露醇）的抗菌活性，针对引发牙周炎的代表性微生物群进行了研究。在所评估的化合物中，（-）-古柏酸（CA）的活性最强，对这种传染病的关键病原体（牙龈卟啉单胞菌）表现出非常有前景的 MIC 值（3.1 µg mL-1；10.2 µM）。此外，CA 在人成纤维细胞中测试时没有表现出细胞毒性。用 CA 对 P. gingivalis 进行的时间杀伤曲线试验表明，该化合物仅在最初的 12 小时内抑制接种物的生长（抑菌作用）。然而，此后明显注意到其杀菌作用（在 12 至 24 小时之间）。还可以验证 CA 和盐酸洗必泰（CHD，阳性对照）在其 MBC 值时联合使用的增效作用。这种联合产生的时间曲线显示，这种联合只需要六个小时就可以达到杀菌效果。总之，CA 已被证明是控制牙周病的重要代谢物。此外，使用基于高 CA 含量的 copaiba 油树脂的标准化提取物可以成为开发新型口腔护理产品的重要策略。
