School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av Mello de Moraes, 65 Butantã, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Amino Acids. 2012 Aug;43(2):519-29. doi: 10.1007/s00726-011-1132-7. Epub 2011 Nov 19.
There is an extensive and still growing body of the literature supporting the efficacy of creatine (Cr) supplementation. In sports, creatine has been recognized as the most effective nutritional supplement in enhancing exercise tolerance, muscle strength and lean body mass. From a clinical perspective, the application of Cr supplementation is indeed exciting. Evidences of benefits from this supplement have been reported in a broad range of diseases, including myopathies, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, rheumatic diseases, and type 2 diabetes. In addition, after hundreds of published studies and millions of exposures creatine supplementation maintains an excellent safety profile. Thus, we contend that the widespread application of this supplement may benefit athletes, elderly people and various patient populations. In this narrative review, we aimed to summarize both the ergogenic and therapeutic effects of Cr supplementation. Furthermore, we reviewed the impact of Cr supplementation on kidney function.
有大量且不断增加的文献支持肌酸（Cr）补充的功效。在运动领域，肌酸已被公认为最有效的营养补充剂，可提高运动耐力、肌肉力量和瘦体重。从临床角度来看，Cr 补充的应用确实令人兴奋。这种补充剂的益处已在广泛的疾病中得到报道，包括肌肉疾病、神经退行性疾病、癌症、风湿性疾病和 2 型糖尿病。此外，经过数百项已发表的研究和数百万次的使用，肌酸补充剂的安全性良好。因此，我们认为这种补充剂的广泛应用可能使运动员、老年人和各种患者群体受益。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们旨在总结 Cr 补充的运动表现和治疗效果。此外，我们还综述了 Cr 补充对肾功能的影响。
