Section of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Vet Microbiol. 2012 Apr 23;156(1-2):172-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.10.022. Epub 2011 Oct 21.
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rates and the trend in resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pigs in Italy from 1994 to 2009. A total of 992 A. pleuropneumoniae isolates were tested for their susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobial agents in a disk diffusion method. Resistance to 7 drugs (amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefquinome, cotrimoxazole, penicillin G and tilmicosin) showed a significant increasing trend over the time, while for 2 drugs (gentamycin and marbofloxacin) a significant decrease was observed. Resistance to the remaining 14 antimicrobial agents tested did not change significantly over the study period. Most of the isolates retained high susceptibility to antimicrobials usually effective against A. pleuropneumoniae such as amphenicols, fluoroquinolones and ceftiofur. However, high rates of resistance were observed for potentiated sulfa drugs, tetracyclines and penicillins which are currently recommended antimicrobials for pig pleuropneumonia therapy. Our results suggest the importance of continued monitoring of A. pleuropneumoniae clinical isolates in order to choose the most appropriate treatment of infections and to control the increase of resistance to currently used antimicrobials.
本回顾性研究旨在评估意大利从 1994 年至 2009 年期间从猪身上分离出的胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的抗药性率及其变化趋势。采用纸片扩散法对 992 株胸膜肺炎放线杆菌分离株进行了对一组抗菌药物的敏感性测试。7 种药物（阿莫西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氨苄西林、头孢喹肟、复方磺胺甲噁唑、青霉素 G 和替米考星）的耐药率随时间呈显著上升趋势，而 2 种药物（庆大霉素和马波沙星）的耐药率则呈显著下降趋势。其余 14 种测试的抗菌药物的耐药率在研究期间没有显著变化。大多数分离株对通常有效对抗胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的抗菌药物（如：氯霉素类、氟喹诺酮类和头孢噻呋）仍保持高度敏感性。然而，增效磺胺类药物、四环素类和青霉素类药物的耐药率较高，这些药物目前被推荐用于猪传染性胸膜肺炎的治疗。我们的研究结果表明，需要持续监测胸膜肺炎放线杆菌临床分离株，以选择最合适的治疗感染方案，并控制对目前使用的抗菌药物的耐药性增加。
