HINT, Levanger, Norway.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2013 May;8(2):93-103. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2011.00302.x. Epub 2011 Nov 23.
Future patients with chronic diseases will probably remain longer in their homes. To enable family caregivers to meet these challenges, public services and informal support are essential.
This study compared social support between home-dwelling caregivers of partners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or dementia.
A cross-sectional study of 206 caregivers. Professional aid was quantified by the services utilised. Informal support from family and friends was rated by the number of helping persons and the degree of social withdrawal. The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey Form captured perceived social support.
For both diseases, increased severity correlated with more utilisation of professional aid. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease group perceived more social support, reported less social withdrawal and higher numbers of helping persons. Ill partners' aggressive behaviour reduced perceived support. The use of professional aid was negatively associated with the ill partner's level of self-care, and positively correlated with social withdrawal. Professional aid was more utilised by the dementia group and by men.
Differences in caregivers' needs for social support were related to their partner's disease.
Counteracting social withdrawal, considering type of illness and gender differences may increase the quality of informal care.
未来患有慢性病的患者可能会在家中停留更长时间。为了使家庭照顾者能够应对这些挑战，公共服务和非正式支持至关重要。
本研究比较了慢性阻塞性肺疾病或痴呆症患者的家庭照顾者之间的社会支持。
对 206 名照顾者进行了横断面研究。专业援助通过使用的服务进行量化。来自家人和朋友的非正式支持通过帮助人数和社交回避程度进行评分。医疗结局研究社会支持调查问卷形式捕获了感知到的社会支持。
对于这两种疾病，严重程度的增加与专业援助的使用增加相关。慢性阻塞性肺疾病组感知到更多的社会支持，报告更少的社交回避和更多的帮助人数。患病伴侣的攻击行为降低了感知到的支持。专业援助的使用与患病伴侣的自我护理水平呈负相关，与社交回避呈正相关。痴呆症组和男性使用专业援助的比例更高。
照顾者对社会支持的需求差异与他们伴侣的疾病有关。
对抗社交回避，考虑疾病类型和性别差异，可能会提高非正式护理的质量。
