Ng Y C, Anspaugh L R, Cederwall R T
Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.
Health Phys. 1990 Nov;59(5):693-713. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199011000-00018.
A method was developed to reconstruct the internal radiation dose to off-site individuals who were exposed to fallout from nuclear weapons tests at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). By this method, committed absorbed doses can be estimated for 22 target organs of persons in four age groups and for selected organs of the fetus. Ingestion doses are calculated by combining age-group dose factors and intakes specific for age group, test event, and location as calculated by the PATHWAY food-chain model. Inhalation doses are calculated by combining age-group dose factors and breathing rates, and time-integrated air concentrations that are derived from the ORERP Air-Quality Data Base. Dose estimates are calculated for the radionuclides that contribute significantly to the total dose; these number 20 via the ingestion pathway and 46 via the inhalation pathway. Internal doses to nonspecified individuals and nonspecified fetuses are being reconstructed for each location in the ORERP Town Data Base for which exposure rates and cloud-arrival times are listed. Examples of reconstructing internal dose are presented. This method will also be adapted to reconstruct internal doses from NTS fallout to specific individuals in accordance with the person's age, past residence, life-style, and living pattern.
已开发出一种方法，用于重建内华达试验场（NTS）核武器试验沉降物照射下场外人员所接受的体内辐射剂量。通过该方法，可估算四个年龄组人员的22个靶器官以及胎儿选定器官的待积吸收剂量。摄入剂量通过将年龄组剂量因子与由PATHWAY食物链模型计算得出的特定年龄组、试验事件和地点的摄入量相结合来计算。吸入剂量通过将年龄组剂量因子与呼吸率以及从ORERP空气质量数据库得出的时间积分空气浓度相结合来计算。针对对总剂量有显著贡献的放射性核素计算剂量估算值；经摄入途径的有20种，经吸入途径的有46种。正在为ORERP城镇数据库中列出了暴露率和云到达时间的每个地点重建未指定人员和未指定胎儿的体内剂量。给出了重建体内剂量的示例。该方法还将进行调整，以便根据个人年龄、过去居住地、生活方式和生活模式重建NTS沉降物对特定人员的体内剂量。
