Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 Apr;66(4):496-503. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.188. Epub 2011 Nov 23.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Significance of dietary fatty acids on bone health is not clear, and the evidence is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and bone mineral density (BMD) among elderly women.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects (n=554) were drawn from the Kuopio OSTPRE Fracture Prevention Study. At baseline they filled a 3-day food record and a questionnaire on lifestyle factors, diseases and medications. BMD was measured at lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck and total body by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after 3 years. The associations between dietary fatty acids and BMD were analyzed by a linear mixed model adjusting for potential dietary and non-dietary confounders.
Our findings suggested a positive relationship between the dietary PUFAs and BMD at lumbar spine and in total body but not at femoral neck. Further analyses revealed that these results were due to associations among the women without hormone therapy (HT) at baseline. Among them, the intake of total PUFAs as well the intakes of linoleic and linolenic acids and total n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were significantly associated with BMD at lumbar spine; P for trend over the quartiles ranged between 0.013 and 0.001. Similarly, significant associations were demonstrated for total body BMD and fatty acids with an exception of total PUFA. No significant associations were found among women with HT at baseline.
Our findings among elderly women without HT support the suggested beneficial effect of dietary PUFAs on bone health.
背景/目的：膳食脂肪酸对骨骼健康的意义尚不清楚，且证据存在争议。本研究旨在探讨老年女性膳食多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）与骨密度（BMD）之间的关系。
受试者/方法：受试者（n=554）来自于库奥皮奥 OSTPRE 骨折预防研究。在基线时，他们填写了为期 3 天的食物记录和一份关于生活方式因素、疾病和药物的问卷。在基线和 3 年后，通过双能 X 射线吸收法测量腰椎（L2-L4）、股骨颈和全身的 BMD。通过线性混合模型调整潜在的饮食和非饮食混杂因素来分析膳食脂肪酸与 BMD 之间的关系。
我们的研究结果表明，膳食 PUFAs 与腰椎和全身 BMD 呈正相关，但与股骨颈 BMD 无关。进一步分析表明，这些结果归因于基线时未接受激素治疗（HT）的女性。其中，总 PUFAs 以及亚油酸和亚麻酸以及总 n-3 和 n-6 脂肪酸的摄入量与腰椎 BMD 显著相关；四分位间距的趋势 P 值范围在 0.013 到 0.001 之间。同样，全身 BMD 和脂肪酸也与总 PUFA 存在显著相关性。而在基线时接受 HT 的女性中，未发现显著相关性。
我们在未接受 HT 的老年女性中的研究结果支持膳食 PUFAs 对骨骼健康有益的观点。
