Santos Adriana, García Magda, Cotes Alba Marina, Villamizar Laura
Laboratorio de Control Biológico, Centro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria, Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria CORPOICA, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
Rev Iberoam Micol. 2012 Jul-Sep;29(3):150-6. doi: 10.1016/j.riam.2011.11.002. Epub 2011 Nov 22.
Four biopesticide prototypes formulated as dispersible granules and dry powders based on 2 Colombian isolates of Trichoderma koningiopsis (Th003) and T. asperellum (Th034) were developed. These microorganisms have antagonist activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Rhizoctonia solani with a reduction in incidence of between 70 and 100% in tomato crops and potato crops, respectively.
To determine the effect of the formulation on the shelf-life of 4 biopesticides based on T. koningiopsis Th003 and Trichoderma asperellum Th034 at 3 different temperatures.
The formulation effect was determined by evaluating the germination of unformulated and formulated conidia (dispersible granules and dry powder) stored at 8, 18 and 28°C for 18 months. Germination kinetics were used to estimate the shelf-life by using different mathematical models (zero order, first order, second order, Higuchi model, Korsmeyer-Peppas model and polynomial model).
The products showed high stability of the conidia germination when they were stored at 8 and 18° C, with shelf-lives of 14.4 and 13.9 months for dry powder based on Th003, and 12.0 and 10.8 months for dry powder based on Th034, respectively. Prototypes formulated as dispersible granules stored at the same temperatures (8 and 18°C) showed lower shelf-lives, with values of 11.6 and 10.9 months for the Th003 product, and 10.7 and 7.2 months for the dispersible granules based on Th034. Significant reductions in germination were observed on unformulated conidia at all storage temperatures evaluated.
The formulation type affected the conidia stability of the 2 Trichoderma spp. Colombian isolates. Dry powder was the prototype with the highest stability and shelf-life at all temperatures evaluated.
基于2株哥伦比亚的康氏木霉（Th003）和棘孢木霉（Th034）分离株，开发了4种制成可分散颗粒剂和干粉剂的生物农药原型。这些微生物对番茄枯萎病菌和立枯丝核菌具有拮抗活性，分别使番茄作物和马铃薯作物的发病率降低70%至100%。
确定制剂对4种基于康氏木霉Th003和棘孢木霉Th034的生物农药在3种不同温度下保质期的影响。
通过评估未制剂化和制剂化的分生孢子（可分散颗粒剂和干粉剂）在8℃、18℃和28℃下储存18个月后的萌发情况来确定制剂效果。使用不同的数学模型（零级、一级、二级、Higuchi模型、Korsmeyer-Peppas模型和多项式模型）通过萌发动力学来估计保质期。
当产品在8℃和18℃下储存时，分生孢子萌发表现出高稳定性，基于Th003的干粉剂保质期分别为14.4个月和13.9个月，基于Th034的干粉剂保质期分别为12.0个月和10.8个月。在相同温度（8℃和18℃）下储存的制成可分散颗粒剂的原型保质期较短，Th003产品的值为11.6个月和10.9个月，基于Th034的可分散颗粒剂的值为10.7个月和7.2个月。在所有评估的储存温度下，未制剂化的分生孢子萌发均显著降低。
制剂类型影响了2种哥伦比亚木霉菌株分生孢子的稳定性。在所有评估温度下，干粉剂是稳定性和保质期最高的原型。
