Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, W278 GH, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA,
J Neurodev Disord. 2010 Dec;2(4):235-42. doi: 10.1007/s11689-010-9060-5. Epub 2010 Aug 28.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate quantitative structural measures of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in boys with isolated clefts of the lip and/or palate (ICLP) relative to a comparison group and to associate measures of brain structure with quantitative measures of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness. A total of 50 boys with ICLP were compared to 60 healthy boys without clefts. Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans were used to evaluate vmPFC structure. Parents and teachers provided quantitative measures of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness using the Pediatric Behavior Scale. Boys with ICLP had significantly higher ratings of hyperactivity/impulsivity/inattention (HII) and significantly increased volume of the right vmPFC relative to the comparison group. There was a direct relationship between HII score and vmPFC volume in both the ICLP group and control group, but the relationship was in the opposite direction: in ICLP, the higher the vmPFC volume, the higher the HII score; for the comparison group, the lower the vmPFC volume, the greater the HII score. The vmPFC is a region of the brain that governs behaviors of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention (HII). In boys with ICLP, there are higher levels of HII compared to the controls and this is directly related to a significantly enlarged volume of the right vmPFC. Enlargement of this region of the brain is therefore considered to be pathological in the ICLP group and supports the notion that abnormal brain structure (from abnormal brain development) is the underlying etiology for the abnormal behaviors seen in this population.
本研究旨在评估单纯唇裂和/或腭裂（isolated clefts of the lip and/or palate，ICLP）男孩的腹内侧前额叶皮质（ventromedial prefrontal cortex，vmPFC）的定量结构测量值，并将大脑结构的测量值与多动、冲动和注意力不集中的定量测量值联系起来。共有 50 名 ICLP 男孩与 60 名无腭裂的健康男孩进行了比较。磁共振成像脑扫描用于评估 vmPFC 结构。父母和老师使用儿科行为量表（Pediatric Behavior Scale）提供多动、冲动和注意力不集中的定量测量值。与对照组相比，ICLP 男孩的多动/冲动/注意力不集中（hyperactivity/impulsivity/inattention，HII）评分明显更高，右侧 vmPFC 体积明显增加。在 ICLP 组和对照组中，HII 评分与 vmPFC 体积之间存在直接关系，但这种关系是相反的：在 ICLP 中，vmPFC 体积越大，HII 评分越高；而对于对照组，vmPFC 体积越小，HII 评分越高。vmPFC 是大脑中控制多动、冲动和注意力不集中（hyperactivity/impulsivity/inattention，HII）行为的区域。与对照组相比，ICLP 男孩的 HII 水平更高，这与右侧 vmPFC 体积显著增大直接相关。因此，大脑这一区域的扩大被认为是 ICLP 组的病理性的，支持了这样一种观点，即异常的大脑结构（源于异常的大脑发育）是该人群中异常行为的潜在病因。
