Eng. A.B. Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2012 Sep;83(3):303-9. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.11.003. Epub 2011 Dec 3.
Leukemia is a malignancy of the bone marrow. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy and accounts for nearly 75% of all newly diagnosed leukemias and 25% of all malignancies in childhood. The aim of the present study was to review the oral health status in children with ALL. Databases were explored using various combinations of the following keywords: "acute lymphoblastic leukemia", "children", "inflammation", "pediatric", "periodontal disease" and "periodontitis". Oral inflammatory conditions including chelitis, gingivitis, herpetic gingivostomatitis, mucositis, oral candidiasis, periodontitis and ulcerations are common manifestations in children with ALL.
Periodontal inflammatory conditions and oral mucositis were reported to be significantly higher in children with ALL as compared to healthy controls. Tooth morphological disorders including agenesis, microdontia, short roots and developmental defects in the enamel and dentin were more often observed in children with ALL as compared to healthy controls. Children with ALL have a reduced salivary flow rate, which makes them more susceptible to dental caries as compared to healthy children. Malocclusion due to microdontia may also trigger temporomandibular joint disorders in children with ALL; however, this relationship needs further investigations.
Oral inflammatory conditions including mucositis and gingivitis are common in children with ALL as compared to healthy children. Tooth morphological disorders including microdontia and enamel and dentin are common manifestations in children with ALL.
白血病是骨髓的恶性肿瘤。急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是最常见的儿科恶性肿瘤，占所有新诊断白血病的近 75%，占儿童所有恶性肿瘤的 25%。本研究旨在回顾 ALL 患儿的口腔健康状况。使用以下关键词的各种组合在数据库中进行了探索：“急性淋巴细胞白血病”、“儿童”、“炎症”、“儿科”、“牙周病”和“牙周炎”。口腔炎症包括唇炎、牙龈炎、疱疹性龈口炎、黏膜炎、口腔念珠菌病、牙周炎和溃疡，是 ALL 患儿的常见表现。
与健康对照组相比，ALL 患儿的牙周炎症和口腔黏膜炎明显更高。与健康对照组相比，ALL 患儿的牙齿形态异常包括无牙、小牙、短根和牙釉质、牙本质发育缺陷更为常见。ALL 患儿的唾液流量减少，使他们比健康儿童更容易患龋齿。由于小牙引起的错合也可能引发 ALL 患儿的颞下颌关节紊乱；然而，这种关系需要进一步研究。
与健康儿童相比，ALL 患儿的口腔炎症包括黏膜炎和牙龈炎更为常见。牙形态异常包括小牙和牙釉质、牙本质发育异常是 ALL 患儿的常见表现。
