Institute of Psychology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
J Neurosci. 2011 Dec 7;31(49):17887-91. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2465-11.2011.
As we shift our gaze to explore the visual world, information enters cortex in a sequence of successive snapshots, interrupted by phases of blur. Our experience, in contrast, appears like a movie of a continuous stream of objects embedded in a stable world. This perception of stability across eye movements has been linked to changes in spatial sensitivity of visual neurons anticipating the upcoming saccade, often referred to as shifting receptive fields (Duhamel et al., 1992; Walker et al., 1995; Umeno and Goldberg, 1997; Nakamura and Colby, 2002). How exactly these receptive field dynamics contribute to perceptual stability is currently not clear. Anticipatory receptive field shifts toward the future, postsaccadic position may bridge the transient perisaccadic epoch (Sommer and Wurtz, 2006; Wurtz, 2008; Melcher and Colby, 2008). Alternatively, a presaccadic shift of receptive fields toward the saccade target area (Tolias et al., 2001) may serve to focus visual resources onto the most relevant objects in the postsaccadic scene (Hamker et al., 2008). In this view, shifts of feature detectors serve to facilitate the processing of the peripheral visual content before it is foveated. While this conception is consistent with previous observations on receptive field dynamics and on perisaccadic compression (Ross et al., 1997; Morrone et al., 1997; Kaiser and Lappe, 2004), it predicts that receptive fields beyond the saccade target shift toward the saccade target rather than in the direction of the saccade. We have tested this prediction in human observers via the presaccadic transfer of the tilt-aftereffect (Melcher, 2007).
当我们转移视线探索视觉世界时，信息以连续的快照序列进入大脑皮层，其间会出现模糊阶段。相比之下，我们的体验就像是一个连续的物体流嵌入在一个稳定世界中的电影。这种在眼动过程中对稳定性的感知与视觉神经元的空间敏感度变化有关，这些变化可以预测即将到来的扫视，通常被称为转移感受野（Duhamel 等人，1992 年；Walker 等人，1995 年；Umeno 和 Goldberg，1997 年；Nakamura 和 Colby，2002 年）。这些感受野动态如何确切地有助于感知稳定性目前尚不清楚。朝向未来的预期感受野的转移，以及眼跳后的位置可能会填补短暂的眼跳后时期（Sommer 和 Wurtz，2006 年；Wurtz，2008 年；Melcher 和 Colby，2008 年）。或者，朝向扫视目标区域的感受野的扫视前转移（Tolias 等人，2001 年）可能有助于将视觉资源集中到眼跳后场景中最相关的物体上（Hamker 等人，2008 年）。在这种观点下，特征探测器的转移有助于在注视之前处理外围视觉内容。虽然这种观念与以前关于感受野动态和眼跳后压缩的观察结果一致（Ross 等人，1997 年；Morrone 等人，1997 年；Kaiser 和 Lappe，2004 年），但它预测了超出扫视目标的感受野会朝向扫视目标而不是扫视方向转移。我们通过人类观察者的扫视前倾斜后效转移（Melcher，2007 年）测试了这一预测。
