Suzuki N, Hardebo J E, Kåhrström J, Owman C
Department of Medical Cell Research, University of Lund, Sweden.
Neuroscience. 1990;36(2):507-19. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90001-7.
Neuropeptide Y co-exists with noradrenaline in the majority of the sympathetic nerves supplying cerebral blood vessels. However, after sympathectomy in the rat the number of cerebrovascular neuropeptide Y nerve fibers are only reduced in number despite a complete disappearance of the adrenergic markers. The origin of these non-sympathetic neuropeptide Y fibers was studied by nerve transections and retrograde axonal tracing utilizing True Blue. Three days after bilateral superior cervical sympathectomy, the number of neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers decreased to about 40% of that in non-treated animals. One week after True Blue application on the proximal portion of the middle cerebral artery, the tracer accumulated in neurons of the sphenopalatine, otic, and internal carotid ganglia. Of these cells 80%, 95% and 5%, respectively, were neuropeptide Y-positive. Some of the True Blue/neuropeptide Y-positive cells displayed immunoreactivity for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and some were positive for choline acetyltransferase. Two weeks after bilateral removal of the sphenopalatine ganglion or transection of postganglionic fibers from the ganglion reaching the pial vessels through the ethmoidal foramen, together with subsequent sympathectomy, no neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers could be observed on the anterior cerebral and internal ethmoidal artery or the distal portion of the middle cerebral artery, whereas a few nerve fibers remained on the proximal portion of the middle cerebral artery, internal carotid artery, and the rostral portion of the basilar artery. In conclusion, neuropeptide Y in cerebrovascular nerves is co-stored not only with noradrenaline in sympathetic nerves from the superior cervical ganglion, but also with acetylcholine (reflected in the presence of choline acetyltransferase) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in parasympathetic nerves originating in the sphenopalatine, otic, and internal carotid ganglia.
神经肽Y与去甲肾上腺素共同存在于大多数供应脑血管的交感神经中。然而，大鼠交感神经切除术后，尽管肾上腺素能标记物完全消失，但脑血管神经肽Y神经纤维的数量仅减少。利用真蓝通过神经横断和逆行轴突追踪研究了这些非交感神经肽Y纤维的起源。双侧颈上神经节切除术后三天，含神经肽Y的神经纤维数量降至未处理动物的约40%。在大脑中动脉近端应用真蓝一周后，示踪剂积聚在蝶腭神经节、耳神经节和颈内神经节的神经元中。这些细胞中，分别有80%、95%和5%为神经肽Y阳性。一些真蓝/神经肽Y阳性细胞显示血管活性肠肽免疫反应性，一些对胆碱乙酰转移酶呈阳性。双侧切除蝶腭神经节或切断从该神经节经筛孔到达软脑膜血管的节后纤维并随后进行交感神经切除术后两周，在前脑动脉、筛前动脉或大脑中动脉远端未观察到含神经肽Y的神经纤维，而在大脑中动脉近端、颈内动脉和基底动脉头端部分仍有一些神经纤维。总之，脑血管神经中的神经肽Y不仅与来自颈上神经节的交感神经中的去甲肾上腺素共同储存，还与起源于蝶腭神经节耳神经节和颈内神经节的副交感神经中的乙酰胆碱（反映在胆碱乙酰转移酶的存在中）和血管活性肠肽共同储存。
