Department of Psychology, Coventry University, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2011;11(5):5469-88. doi: 10.3390/s110505469. Epub 2011 May 19.
This paper reviews evidence that, in addition to incidental olfactory pollutants, intentional odor delivery can impact cognitive operations both positively and negatively. Evidence for cognitive facilitation/interference is reviewed alongside four potential explanations for odor-induced effects. It is concluded that the pharmacological properties of odors can induce changes in cognition. However, these effects can be accentuated/attenuated by the shift in mood following odor exposure, expectancy of cognitive effects, and cues to behavior via the contextual association with the odor. It is proposed that greater consideration is required in the intentional utilization of odors within both industrial and private locations, since differential effects are observed for odors with positive hedonic qualities.
本文综述了证据表明,除了偶然的嗅觉污染物外,有意的气味传递也可以对认知操作产生积极和消极的影响。本文回顾了认知促进/干扰的证据,并提出了四种可能的解释。结论是,气味的药理学特性可以引起认知的变化。然而,这些效应可以通过气味暴露后的情绪变化、对认知效应的期望以及通过与气味的上下文关联对行为的暗示来增强/减弱。因此,建议在工业和私人场所中更需要考虑有意利用具有积极愉悦品质的气味,因为对这些气味的影响存在差异。