Fox R, Oross S
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240.
Percept Psychophys. 1990 Sep;48(3):252-8. doi: 10.3758/bf03211525.
We have found that mildly mentally retarded adults are impaired in their perception of global stereoscopic forms (Fox & Oross, 1988) in ways that cannot be attributed to peripheral visual deficits or failures to comprehend. To assess the generality of that result, we measured the ability of mentally retarded adults to perceive kinematographic forms. Mentally retarded and nonretarded adults were presented with a two-choice, forced-choice detection task requiring the location of a target's spatial position. The discriminability of the forms was varied by systematic reductions in both element density and temporal correlation. We found that, relative to nonretarded adults, mentally retarded adults exhibited large qualitative deficits in their ability to discriminate these kinematographic forms when either density or correlation was reduced. After considering a number of alternative interpretations of these data based on factors such as peripheral visual impairment and a failure to attend, we could find none more compelling than a perceptual interpretation, which posits a deficit within the short-range motion system.
我们发现，轻度智力迟钝的成年人在感知整体立体图形方面存在障碍（福克斯和奥罗斯，1988年），这种障碍无法归因于周边视觉缺陷或理解能力不足。为了评估该结果的普遍性，我们测量了智力迟钝成年人感知动态图形的能力。我们向智力迟钝和非智力迟钝的成年人呈现了一个二选一的强制选择检测任务，要求确定目标的空间位置。通过系统地降低元素密度和时间相关性来改变图形的可辨别性。我们发现，相对于非智力迟钝的成年人，当密度或相关性降低时，智力迟钝的成年人在辨别这些动态图形的能力上表现出巨大的质性缺陷。在考虑了基于周边视觉损伤和注意力不集中等因素对这些数据的多种替代解释后，我们发现没有比感知解释更有说服力的了，该解释认为在短程运动系统中存在缺陷。
