Prev Chronic Dis. 2012;9:E14. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
Walking and bicycling are important but underused modes of transportation in the United States. Road design influences how much walking and bicycling takes place along streets and roads. Currently, numerous national policy initiatives, including Safe Routes to School and Complete Streets, are attempting to improve pedestrian and bicycling infrastructure and "friendliness." However, no state has completed a systematic assessment of its streets to determine how amenable they are to walking and bicycling. Our statewide study was undertaken to assess how accessible and friendly Hawaii roads are to these 2 activities.
We randomly selected street segments in Hawaii's 4 counties and then completed objective assessments using the Pedestrian Environmental Data Scan. We audited 321 segments, and interrater reliability was adequate across all measures. Streets were coded as high (42.4%) or low capacity (57.6%) depending on how much vehicular traffic the street was designed to accommodate. Outcome measures included street accommodations (ie, sidewalks and crossing aids) and pedestrian and bicyclist use.
Most high-capacity streets had sidewalks (66%). These sidewalks were usually in good condition, contiguous, and had traffic control devices and pedestrian signals. Most low-capacity roads did not have sidewalks (63.4%). Bicycling facilities were limited (<10%) on both types of roads. Pedestrian and bicycle traffic was related to mixed use, including both residential and retail space, and to pedestrian and bicycling infrastructure.
Road segments in Hawaii with more infrastructure and types of use, including single-family houses, apartment complexes, restaurants, office buildings, and industrial buildings, are used more by pedestrians and bicyclists.
步行和骑自行车在美国是重要但未被充分利用的交通方式。道路设计影响着街道和道路上步行和骑自行车的程度。目前，包括“安全上学路”和“全龄友好街道”在内的众多国家政策倡议都在试图改善行人和自行车基础设施和“友好度”。然而，没有一个州对其街道进行过系统评估，以确定它们对步行和骑自行车的适宜程度。我们的全州研究旨在评估夏威夷的道路对这两种活动的可达性和友好性。
我们在夏威夷的 4 个县随机选择了街道段，然后使用行人环境数据扫描进行了客观评估。我们审核了 321 个路段，所有指标的评分者间可靠性都足够高。街道的容量分为高（42.4%）和低（57.6%），具体取决于街道设计可容纳的车辆交通量。结果衡量指标包括街道设施（例如人行道和交叉口辅助设施）和行人和自行车使用者的使用情况。
大多数高容量街道都有人行道（66%）。这些人行道通常状况良好，连续不断，并且配备了交通控制装置和行人信号。大多数低容量道路（63.4%）没有人行道。两种类型的道路上自行车设施都很有限（<10%）。行人和自行车交通与混合用途有关，包括住宅和零售空间，以及行人和自行车基础设施。
夏威夷有更多基础设施和类型的用途的道路段，包括单户住宅、公寓楼、餐馆、办公楼和工业建筑，更受行人和骑自行车者的使用。
