步行和骑行促进健康：城市、州和国际数据的比较分析。
Walking and cycling to health: a comparative analysis of city, state, and international data.
机构信息
Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2010 Oct;100(10):1986-92. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.189324. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We sought to determine the magnitude, direction, and statistical significance of the relationship between active travel and rates of physical activity, obesity, and diabetes.
METHODS
We examined aggregate cross-sectional health and travel data for 14 countries, all 50 US states, and 47 of the 50 largest US cities through graphical, correlation, and bivariate regression analysis on the country, state, and city levels.
RESULTS
At all 3 geographic levels, we found statistically significant negative relationships between active travel and self-reported obesity. At the state and city levels, we found statistically significant positive relationships between active travel and physical activity and statistically significant negative relationships between active travel and diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
Together with many other studies, our analysis provides evidence of the population-level health benefits of active travel. Policies on transport, land-use, and urban development should be designed to encourage walking and cycling for daily travel.
摘要
目的
我们旨在确定积极出行与体力活动、肥胖和糖尿病发病率之间的关系的幅度、方向和统计学意义。
方法
我们通过对国家、州和城市各级的图形、相关和双变量回归分析，研究了来自 14 个国家、美国所有 50 个州和 50 个最大的美国城市的综合横断面健康和出行数据。
结果
在所有 3 个地理层面，我们发现积极出行与自我报告的肥胖之间存在统计学显著的负相关关系。在州和城市层面，我们发现积极出行与体力活动之间存在统计学显著的正相关关系，以及积极出行与糖尿病之间存在统计学显著的负相关关系。
结论
我们的分析与许多其他研究一起，提供了积极出行对人群健康有益的证据。交通、土地使用和城市发展政策的制定应旨在鼓励步行和骑自行车作为日常出行方式。
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